韩中命令句程度性对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 16:42

本文选题：韩中命令句 + 原型范畴　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：命令句,在汉语中也叫做祈使句,关于韩国语以及汉语命令句的研究近年来层出不穷,但是韩汉语尤其是汉语当中,命令句的范围问题一直以来争议不断,首先是因为韩国语与汉语对命令句的划分主要依靠“功能说”,韩国语的命令句有其独一无二的区别性特征,比如终结语尾。但是汉语的命令句没有区别于其他句式的独有形式,从而导致从功能出发的类型划分相互各有不同。本文选取韩汉命令句的基本形式,将广义的命令句中的“间接命令句”,比如汉语中被划分为“间接命令句”一类的“你怎么还不走?”“屋里好热呀!”等等具有丰富形式的句式称为“暗示性命令表达”,对韩汉典型的命令句形式进行意义上的划分,运用“原型范畴”理论为指导,“程度性测量方法”为具体操作方式,通过对韩国语以及汉语命令句的成立条件以及特点上的归纳总结出进行程度性测量的标准,对韩国语以及汉语当中的表达各种意义的命令句进行意义上的程度性测量,对命令句的典型性程度进行量化,从而得出从典型到非典型命令句的排列“连续体”,明确典型的命令句的形式与意义,使得中韩命令句范畴中的“原型”和“边缘”变得清晰,利于学习者掌握和运用。另外,对于由礼貌程度和面子原则导致的一些“暗示性命令表达”,对其进行形式上的梳理,感叹形、陈述形、疑问形等等,同样找出这些“暗示性命令表达”的意义上的量化标准,对各个表达的“程度性”进行“量化”,即测量出哪些表达是更委婉的,哪些是命令程度更深的。在对韩国语汉语的命令句和“暗示性命令表达”进行分析的过程中,对比两种语言呈现出的一致性特点和不同,对韩国语与汉语命令句的习得以及运用具有指导意义,并且,虽然本文中并没有通过“原型范畴”和“程度性测量”的分析过程对韩汉命令句范畴进行重新界定,但是运用原型范畴进行的一系列量化,也能进一步给那些徘徊在命令句范畴边缘的似乎是而又不是命令句的表达进行更准确的定位。
[Abstract]:Command sentences, also called imperative sentences in Chinese, have been widely studied in Korean and Chinese in recent years. However, in Korean and Chinese, especially in Chinese, the scope of command sentences has always been controversial. First of all, the division of command sentences between Korean and Chinese mainly depends on "function theory". Command sentences in Korean have their unique distinguishing features, such as the end of the ending. However, the command sentence in Chinese is not different from other sentence patterns, which leads to different functional types. In this paper, the basic form of Han Han command sentence is selected, and the "indirect command sentence" in the generalized command sentence, such as the "indirect command sentence" in Chinese, "how can you not go?" "it's hot in the house!" And so on has the rich form sentence pattern to be called "the implied command expression", carries on the significance division to the Korean and Chinese typical command sentence form, uses the "prototype category" theory as the instruction, "the degree measure method" as the concrete operation way, Through the conclusion of the conditions and characteristics of the command sentences in Korean and Chinese, the standards of degree measurement are summarized, and the degree of the command sentences expressing various meanings in Korean and Chinese is measured. By quantifying the typicality of command sentence, the "continuum" of command sentence arrangement from typical to atypical command sentence is obtained, and the form and meaning of typical command sentence are clarified. It makes the "prototype" and "edge" in the category of Chinese and Korean commandments clear and easy for learners to master and use. In addition, for some "implied command expressions" caused by politeness and face principle, formal combing, exclamations, statements, interrogations, etc. In the same way, we find out the quantification criteria in the meaning of "implied command expression" and quantify the "degree" of each expression, that is to say, to measure which expressions are more euphemistic and which are more command. In the process of analyzing the command sentence and the implied command expression in Korean Chinese, the comparison of the same characteristics and differences between the two languages is of guiding significance to the acquisition and application of command sentences in Korean and Chinese. Although this paper does not redefine the category of Han and Han commandments through the analysis of "prototype category" and "degree measurement", it uses a series of quantification of archetypal category. It can also provide a more accurate position for those who seem to be, but not commandments, on the edge of the category of command sentences.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H55;H146.3

【参考文献】