秘鲁中级汉语学习者汉语单字调的实验研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 04:29

本文选题：秘鲁中级汉语学习者 + 发音实验　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：对于外国汉语学习者而言,现代汉语的声调习得向来是一个重难点,汉语声调的独特辨义作用,既突显出了它的重要性,也为外国汉语学习者制造了程度不等的难度。本文以秘鲁本土的中级汉语学习者为研究对象,通过实验语音学的分析手段考察了他们习得汉语单字调的情况。我们首先通过Praat软件提取的数据及语图对留学生发音人汉语单字调的音高、调长进行系统的声学描写,并将发音人单字调的声调格局与北京话进行了比较;然后根据实验数据进行辨认实验,对秘鲁中级汉语学习者的汉语声调习得模式进行了探讨分析;之后使用R语言考察了影响被试习得汉语声调的因素及影响方式。并针对与北京话的声调语图进行对比的结果和影响被试习得的因素,给出了相应的教学对策和建议。我们发现对于以西班牙语为母语的秘鲁中级汉语学习者来说,阳平是他们习得汉语声调的难点所在,调型上过于接近汉语的上声,这与他们没有掌握好阳平的折点时刻位置有关;从调长来看,去声的调长偏短,发音表现为又短又重,这是因为留学生受到母语负迁移的影响,把西班牙语中的重音对应成汉语中的去声。在辨认实验中,考察得出中级水平的被试对汉语声调的习得属于范畴化感知,对特定的频率和时长有明显的辨识能力。最后对于习得影响因素的探讨也得出了相关结论,被试年龄、学习时长、是否有目的语环境等等都存在一定影响,对这些影响指数化后,能更清楚地知道它们具体的影响力和方式。
[Abstract]:For foreign Chinese learners, the acquisition of tones in modern Chinese has always been a major difficulty. The unique function of Chinese tones not only highlights its importance, but also creates varying degrees of difficulty for foreign Chinese learners. In this paper, the author studies the acquisition of Chinese monologue by means of experimental phonetics among intermediate Chinese learners in Peru. First, we systematically describe the pitch and length of Chinese single tone by Praat software, and compare the tone pattern of pronunciation person with that of Beijing dialect. Then, according to the experimental data, this paper discusses and analyzes the acquisition mode of Chinese tones of Peruvian intermediate Chinese learners, and then uses R language to investigate the factors that affect the acquisition of Chinese tones and how they affect the acquisition of Chinese tones. In the light of the results of comparison with the tone map of Beijing dialect and the factors affecting the subjects' acquisition, the corresponding teaching countermeasures and suggestions are given. We find that for Peruvian Intermediate Chinese learners who speak Spanish as their mother tongue, Yangping is the difficulty of their Chinese tone acquisition. This is related to the fact that they have not grasped the position of the break point in Yangping. From the point of view of the length of the adjustment, the tone of the tone is short, and their pronunciation is short and heavy. This is because the foreign students are affected by the negative transfer of their mother tongue. The accent in Spanish is matched to the desonant in Chinese. In the identification experiment, it is concluded that the Intermediate level subjects' acquisition of Chinese tones belongs to categorization perception, and they have obvious ability to recognize the specific frequency and duration. Finally, the author draws the conclusion that the age of the subjects, the length of study time, the target language environment and so on all have some influence on the factors affecting the acquisition. Be able to know more clearly their specific influence and manner.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

【参考文献】