认知及文化视角下的英汉动物隐喻研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 16:36

本文选题：认知 + 文化　；参考：《四川师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：隐喻是人类生活中很重要的一部分。传统隐喻观认为隐喻是一种修辞手段。但是随着《我们赖以生存的隐喻》一书的出版,人们逐渐开始从认知视角研究隐喻,现代认知语言学家们认为隐喻是人类的一种认知和思维方式。隐喻不仅存在于我们日常生活使用的语言里,更存在于人类的思维活动中。语言不仅是认知活动的产物,还是文化的载体。语言,认知,文化三者紧密联系,近些年对语言和文化现象的认知研究越来越热。动物是人类生存环境中重要的一部分,动物词汇一直是语言学家和社会学家关注的焦点,许多隐喻都用动物词来作为源域。以动物喻人或者喻物的隐喻在语言中占有很大一部分,作为人类认知世界的基本方式,动物隐喻值得我们深入研究。但是现在许多有关动物隐喻的研究都是从文化角度出发,解释一些简单的文化现象,而没有涉及到动物隐喻的工作机制。本文在认知语言学的框架下,以Lakoff和Johnson提出的双域映射理论和Laoff和Turner提出的大连环隐喻为理论基础,从认知和文化的角度对比研究英汉语言中的动物隐喻。对比分析后,作者发现两种语言中动物隐喻存在相似和差异。相似方面体现在英汉语言中的同种动物形象如鹦鹉等存在相同隐喻含义,差异方面体现在相同或不同动物动物形象存在不同隐喻含义。最后,作者从认知和文化角度分析了这种语言现象的原因。本文由四个章节构成。第一章是文献综述,介绍了西方和中国对隐喻和动物隐喻的研究状况。第二章是理论基础,展示出了动物隐喻的工作机制是双域映射理论和大连环隐喻理论。第三章是对英汉动物隐喻进行分析,作者先展示了以动物作为源域向人类作为目标域的几种映射模型,再用动物隐喻表达式具体分析了英汉动物隐喻含义的异同。第四章是从认知和文化角度分析英汉动物隐喻异同的原因。本研究具有一定的理论和实践意义。理论上,本文为英汉两种语言中动物隐喻的共性和个性研究提供了较为充分的证据,丰富了概念隐喻中的动物隐喻研究。实践上,有助于语言学习者了解动物隐喻的工作机制,并给外语教学和跨文化交际提供了一些启示。
[Abstract]:Metaphor is an important part of human life. The traditional metaphorical view regards metaphor as a rhetorical device. However, with the publication of metaphor for our Survival, people begin to study metaphor from a cognitive perspective. Modern cognitive linguists believe that metaphor is a way of cognition and thinking of human beings. Metaphor exists not only in the language we use in our daily life, but also in human thinking. Language is not only the product of cognitive activities, but also the carrier of culture. Language, cognition and culture are closely related. In recent years, cognitive research on language and cultural phenomena has become more and more popular. Animal is an important part of human living environment. Animal vocabulary has always been the focus of linguists and sociologists. Many metaphors use animal words as the source domain. As the basic way for human beings to perceive the world, animal metaphors are worthy of further study. However, many researches on animal metaphors have explained some simple cultural phenomena from a cultural point of view, and have not touched upon the working mechanism of animal metaphors. Under the framework of cognitive linguistics, based on the double domain mapping theory proposed by Lakoff and Johnson and the Dalian Ring metaphor proposed by Laoff and Turner, this paper makes a comparative study of animal metaphors in English and Chinese from the perspective of cognition and culture. After comparative analysis, the author finds that there are similarities and differences in animal metaphors between the two languages. The similarities of the same animal images in English and Chinese such as parrots have the same metaphorical meanings, while the differences are reflected in the same or different animal images with different metaphorical meanings. Finally, the author analyzes the causes of this phenomenon from the perspective of cognition and culture. This paper consists of four chapters. The first chapter is a literature review, introducing the western and Chinese studies of metaphor and animal metaphor. The second chapter is the theoretical basis, showing that the working mechanism of animal metaphor is two-domain mapping theory and Dalian ring metaphor theory. The third chapter is an analysis of animal metaphors in English and Chinese. The author first shows several mapping models from animals as source domain to human as target domain, and then analyzes the similarities and differences of animal metaphors in English and Chinese with animal metaphor expressions. Chapter four analyzes the similarities and differences between English and Chinese animal metaphors from the perspective of cognition and culture. This research has certain theoretical and practical significance. Theoretically, this thesis provides sufficient evidence for the study of the commonness and individuality of animal metaphors in English and Chinese, and enriches the study of animal metaphors in conceptual metaphors. In practice, it helps language learners to understand the working mechanism of animal metaphor and provides some enlightenment for foreign language teaching and intercultural communication.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H15;H315

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