中缅边境城市瑞丽外国商人群体语言使用状况调查研究

发布时间：2018-08-06 09:40

【摘要】：语言使用和语言态度长期以来一直是社会语言学研究所关注的重要课题之一。对这一问题的研究能有效揭示很多语言现象的产生、存在以及发展变化的原因。同时,对特定群体的语言使用状况进行的研究能反映出诸多深层次社会问题,如移民融合、少数民族语言文化传承和语言社会化等。近年来,对在华外国人的语言使用已经开展了一些研究,并取得了诸多研究成果,如留学生和外籍商人语言使用状况等。目前,国内描述边境地区外籍商人语言使用状况的研究较少。因此,一项对在边境城市瑞丽的外商群体语言使用状况的调查研究兼具理论和实践意义。本研究基于“域理论”和“语言态度”的理论框架,以中缅边境开放城市瑞丽为调查点,结合定量研究与定性研究方法,采用杨燕(2012)和田真(2014)的调查问卷,并根据当前调查对象的实际情况修改制成,对在瑞丽的182名外籍商人进行了问卷调查,并通过对具有代表性的对象进行访谈来收集数据,旨在全面了解外商群体的语言水平状况、不同场合的语言使用概貌和对不同语言的态度,并探讨其产生的原因。主要研究结果为:1)就对汉语和英语的掌握情况而言,女性总体好于男性,20-29岁的好于其他年龄段,文化层次高的英语水平也较高,但不同教育背景的汉语水平无明显差异,在瑞丽经商时间较长的汉语水平也较好;2)外籍商人在不同场合倾向于使用不同的语言,最常使用的语言是缅甸语、汉语普通话和汉语瑞丽方言,谈话对象是影响语言选择最重要的因素,社会变量对外籍商人在不同场合的语言使用的影响不同;3)外籍商人对汉语持有积极的态度,对汉语瑞丽方言的认同高于普通话,同时也认为英语是一门重要的语言;4)外商群体汉语能力不足对其与周围中国商人交流、开展生意和日常生活均有影响,但影响程度依次递减。本研究作为一项实证研究,丰富了“域理论”、“语言态度”和语言使用调查的相关研究。本研究的局限性主要表现在样本量小和访谈人数较少等方面。未来的研究应扩大问卷和访谈样本量,并采用诸如观察和深度访谈等方式收集更多可靠数据,因而尽可能避免这些不足。
[Abstract]:Language use and language attitude have long been one of the most important topics in sociolinguistics research. The study of this problem can effectively reveal the emergence, existence and development of many linguistic phenomena. At the same time, the study on the language use of specific groups can reflect many deep-seated social problems, such as the integration of immigrants, minority language and cultural heritage and language socialization. In recent years, some researches have been carried out on the language use of foreigners in China, and many research results have been obtained, such as the situation of language use of foreign students and foreign businessmen. At present, there are few studies on the language use of foreign businessmen in border areas. Therefore, a survey on the use of foreign language in the border city of Ruili is of both theoretical and practical significance. Based on the theoretical framework of "domain theory" and "language attitude", this study takes Ruili, an open border city of China and Myanmar, as a research point, and combines quantitative and qualitative research methods, and adopts the questionnaires of Yang Yan (2012) and Tian Zhen (2014). According to the actual situation of the current survey object, 182 foreign businessmen in Ruili were investigated by questionnaire, and the data were collected through interviews with representative objects. The purpose of this paper is to understand the language level of foreign business groups, the general situation of language use in different situations and their attitudes towards different languages, and to discuss the reasons for their emergence. The main result of the study is: (1) in terms of mastery of Chinese and English, women are generally better than men aged 20-29 years than other age groups, and the level of English with high cultural level is also higher, but there is no significant difference in Chinese proficiency among different educational backgrounds. Foreign businessmen tend to use different languages on different occasions. The most commonly used languages are Burmese, Mandarin and the Ruili dialect. The object of conversation is the most important factor affecting language choice, and social variables have different effects on the language use of foreign businessmen on different occasions. 3) the foreign businessmen have a positive attitude towards Chinese, and their recognition of Chinese Ruili dialect is higher than that of Putonghua. At the same time, it is considered that English is an important language. (4) the lack of Chinese ability of foreign groups has an effect on the communication, business and daily life with the Chinese businessmen around them, but the degree of influence is decreasing in turn. As an empirical study, this study enriches the field theory, language attitudes and language use surveys. The limitations of this study are mainly in the small sample size and the small number of interviews. Future research should expand the sample size of questionnaires and interviews and collect more reliable data by means of observation and in-depth interviews so as to avoid these shortcomings as far as possible.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H004

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