《孽海花》量词研究

发布时间：2018-09-07 21:31

【摘要】：量词的运用是汉藏语系的重要特征之一,量词研究是汉语研究的一个重要方面。晚清是近代汉语向现代汉语过渡的重要时期,该时期的量词也表现出一定的时代特征。《孽海花》是晚清时期的一部口语著述,其中量词的使用大致反映了汉语量词范畴在该时期的发展情况。本文拟以《孽海花》量词为研究对象,探讨晚清时期量词发展概况及其特点。论文主要分为三个部分,第一部分对《孽海花》中的物量词和动量词作了穷尽式描写,将物量词分为专用物量词和借用物量词两大类,将动量词分成专用动量词、借用动量词、计时动量词三类,并根据各量词特点及计量对象将其作进一步的次类划分。通过对文本量词概况的描写,本文认为《孽海花》量词数量庞大,种类繁多,发展较为成熟。论文第二部分从词法和句法两方面探讨了《孽海花》量词的特点,进而分析了其中量词的修辞色彩。从词法上看,《孽海花》量词具有三种重叠方式,有“子”和“儿”两种后缀形式且量词本身有词缀化倾向;从句法上看,《孽海花》量词的组合功能和句法功能趋于完善;从修辞功能上看,《孽海花》量词结构具备多种修辞功能,主要表现在描摹事物情貌和突出色彩意义方面。第三部分综合了《四大传奇量词研究》和《现代汉语量词用法词典》研究成果,将《孽海花》量词与两者中的量词做了比较。通过比较,认为量词的发展完善是一个循序渐进的过程,《孽海花》量词既继承了明代量词的基本面貌,又对现代量词的发展起到奠基作用,是近代汉语量词向现代汉语量词发展的一个过渡阶段。
[Abstract]:The use of classifiers is one of the important features of the Chinese-Tibetan language family, and the study of classifiers is an important aspect of Chinese research. The late Qing Dynasty was an important period for the transition from modern Chinese to modern Chinese, and the quantifiers of this period also showed certain characteristics of the times. The use of quantifiers roughly reflects the development of the category of Chinese classifiers in that period. This paper discusses the development and characteristics of classifiers in the late Qing Dynasty. The thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part, the quantifiers and momentum words are described in an exhaustive way. The quantifiers are divided into two categories: special object quantifiers and borrowing material quantifiers. The moving quantifiers are divided into special momentum words and momentum words. There are three categories of chronological quantifiers, which are further classified according to the characteristics of each classifier and the object of measurement. Based on the general description of the classifiers in the text, the author thinks that the number of classifiers is large, the variety is various and the development is more mature. In the second part, the author discusses the characteristics of the classifier from the lexical and syntactic aspects, and then analyzes the rhetorical color of the classifier. From the lexical point of view, the classifier has three overlapping ways, including "Zi" and "er" suffixes, and the quantifier itself tends to be affixed, from the syntactic point of view, the combination function and syntactic function of the classifier tend to be improved. From the perspective of rhetorical function, the structure of classifier has many rhetorical functions, mainly in describing things and highlighting the meaning of color. The third part synthesizes the research results of "four legendary quantifiers" and "Modern Chinese classifier Dictionary", and compares the classifiers of "Nie Hai Hua" with the quantifiers in them. Through comparison, it is concluded that the development and perfection of classifiers is a gradual process. The classifiers not only inherit the basic features of classifiers in the Ming Dynasty, but also play a fundamental role in the development of modern classifiers. It is a transitional stage from modern Chinese classifier to modern Chinese classifier.
【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.2

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