彝族阿乌话特征及衰落现象研究

发布时间：2018-11-01 12:55

【摘要】：云南泸西彝族阿乌部与其他民族(主要与汉族)接触融合的过程中,在经济、文化、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、语言等方面有着频繁的联系,致使语言、文化、民族思维等方面都在潜移默化中改变,其中在语言上的表现就是阿乌话呈现衰落的态势。本论文主要以阿乌话词汇为出发点,探讨云南彝族阿乌话衰落的原因。本文根据尤中的《西南民族史》、《泸西县志》了解到云南彝族阿乌部的历史文化,确定阿乌部生活中所能涉及到的词汇,经过田野调查发现该部有完整的语言系统,词汇丰富基本能满足阿乌人内部语言的交际需要。同时通过观察收集到的阿乌词汇发现:传统的阿乌词汇涉及阿乌文化的每个方面,有丰富的语素,有的单独成词,有的按一定规则组合成词,从而形成一个相当数量的阿乌传统词汇聚合群。而对新生事物的概念表述,基本没有对应的阿乌话,大多都是音义都完全借用汉语,甚至语法上也效仿汉语语法,只是在调值上稍作区别。阿乌话已经不能满足现实的交际需要,只能借用大量的汉语词汇来满足交际需要。社会学认为语言是一个动态的过程,造成其变异的重要条件是社会因素。所以本文从词汇的角度分析影响彝族阿乌话衰落的社会因素,为进行正确的语言规划、制订相应的语言政策提供事实和理论依据。第一章绪论部分,着重介绍了选题的缘由,有关彝语的研究现状,为本文的研究提供了相应的理论基础以及参考依据,另外,还说明了本文的研究内容、意义和方法。第二章彝族阿乌部概况,首先介绍了本次调查的对象——泸西县的情况以及确定泸西县为调查对象的原因,接着阐述阿乌部在泸西的分布情况,以及介绍阿乌部的历史,从服饰文化、传统节日、风俗习惯以及词汇的相似度等方面证明阿乌部是彝族的部分。介绍阿乌人生活环境。第三章主要阐述阿乌部的词类,按传统阿乌文化涉及到每个方面进行词汇收集,并发现阿乌话有丰富的语素,并且有的语素具有很强的能产性,从而说明传统阿乌话包含有限的词汇,通过能产性满足本部内人们的交际需要。第四章主要阐述阿乌话衰落的表现形式,一、阿乌话不再有新词产生,对新事物的表述借助于向汉语借词;旧事物的衰亡,导致对应词语的消失,客观上形成阿乌话的词汇的减少。二、阿乌话在传承的中出现断层。从性别、受教育程度、职业、年龄不同的社会角度分析出阿乌人掌握阿乌话的情况;从阿乌人对阿乌话的重视程度分析阿乌话衰落的原因。
[Abstract]:In the process of contacting and merging Luxi Yi nationality in Yunnan Province with other nationalities (mainly Han nationality), there are frequent contacts in economy, culture, customs, religion, language, etc., resulting in language, culture, etc. National thinking and other aspects are changing in the subtle change, among which the language performance is the decline of Awu dialect. This paper mainly discusses the reasons for the decline of Awu dialect in Yunnan Yi nationality. According to "the History of Southwest nationalities" in Youzhong and "the Records of Luxi County", this paper finds out the history and culture of Awubu of Yi nationality in Yunnan, determines the words that can be involved in the life of Awubu, and finds through field investigation that the ministry has a complete language system. Lexical enrichment can basically meet the communication needs of the internal languages of the Aus. At the same time, it is found that the traditional Awu vocabulary involves every aspect of Awu culture, with abundant morphemes, some individual words, and some words combined according to certain rules. Thus forming a considerable number of Aw traditional vocabulary aggregation group. But to the new thing's concept expression, basically has no corresponding Awu dialect, mostly all is the phonetic meaning all completely borrows the Chinese, even in the grammar also imitates the Chinese grammar, only makes the slight difference in the adjustment value. Awu can no longer meet the actual communication needs, can only borrow a large number of Chinese vocabulary to meet the communication needs. Sociology thinks that language is a dynamic process, and the important condition of its variation is social factor. Therefore, this paper analyzes the social factors that influence the decline of Yi Awu dialect from the lexical point of view, in order to provide the facts and theoretical basis for the correct language planning and the formulation of corresponding language policies. The first chapter introduces the reason of choosing the topic, the present situation of Yi language research, provides the corresponding theoretical basis and reference basis for this study, in addition, it also explains the research content, significance and methods of this paper. The second chapter introduces the situation of Luxi County, the object of this investigation, and the reasons why Luxi County is the object of investigation. Then, it expounds the distribution of Awu in Luxi, and introduces the history of Awu. From the aspects of dress culture, traditional festivals, customs and vocabulary similarity, Awubu is a part of Yi nationality. This paper introduces the living environment of Awu people. The third chapter mainly expounds the parts of speech of Awu, according to the traditional Awu culture involves every aspect of vocabulary collection, and found that there are rich morpheme, and some of the morpheme has a strong productive. Thus, the traditional Aw language contains limited vocabulary to meet the communicative needs of the people in this part through productive. The fourth chapter mainly expounds the manifestation of the decline of Awu dialect. First, there are no new words in Awu dialect, so the expression of new things is borrowed from Chinese. The decline of old things leads to the disappearance of corresponding words and the decrease of Awu words objectively. Second, there is a fault in the inheritance of Awu dialect. From the angle of gender, education level, occupation and age, the author analyzes the situation of Awu people's mastery of Awu dialect, and analyzes the reasons for the decline of Awu dialect from the angle of the importance of Awu people to Awu dialect.
【学位授予单位】：北方民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H2

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