广州话鼻音的声学研究

发布时间：2019-01-01 09:43

【摘要】：广州话鼻音[m]、[n]、[η]不但能做声母,而且能做韵尾。本文运用鼻流计NasometerII6400和Praat提取各项声学参数来考察广州话鼻声母、鼻韵尾、元音鼻化程度及双音节词[-N1,N2-]的声学特性。本文的研究内容有:(1)考察鼻辅音和鼻韵尾的声学特性。(2)分析元音在CVN/NVC/NVN/NV类音节中声学特征,并与口元音对比,总结广州话元音被鼻化的规律。(3)探讨元音的发音时长和舌位高低对鼻韵尾弱化或脱落的影响。(4)研究双音节词[-N1,N2-]的协同发音作用,分析[-N1]和[N2-]相互影响的情况本文的研究结论:(1)在共振峰、时长、能量、鼻音度这四个方面,广州话的鼻韵尾与鼻声母相比差别很大,这四者都表现了鼻韵尾存在明显的弱化,但没有脱落的情况。鼻韵尾和鼻声母的时长都不稳定,容易受音节中元音或韵尾的影响。(2)影响广州话鼻韵尾产生弱化的因素有:鼻韵尾自身的发音部位和发音方法;前接的元音的发音时长和舌位高低;音节首辅音的发音部位。(3)广州话的被鼻化的元音与没有发生鼻化的口元音相比,共振峰和鼻音度差别较大,时长和能量相似。元音被鼻化后的发音空间明显缩小,发音部位会后移或上移;元音鼻音度的高低与元音的舌位前后成正比关系,但与舌位的高低没有对应的关系;长元音和短元音的共振峰、能量、鼻音度的差别都很小。(4)双音节词中,后续音节声母[N2-]对前一音节的韵尾[-N1]影响更大,容易产生逆向协同发音作用。
[Abstract]:The nasal sounds [m], [n], [畏] of Guangzhou dialect can not only be consonants but also rhyme endings. In this paper, the acoustic parameters extracted by nasal flow meter NasometerII6400 and Praat are used to investigate the acoustic properties of the nasal consonants, nasal rhymes, vowels and the two-syllable [-N1N2-] in Guangzhou dialect. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the acoustic characteristics of nasal consonants and nasal rhymes are investigated. (2) the acoustic characteristics of vowels in CVN/NVC/NVN/NV syllables are analyzed and compared with oral vowels. This paper summarizes the law of vowel nasalization in Guanzhou dialect. (3) to explore the influence of vowel duration and tongue position on the weakening or abscission of nasal rhyme tail. (4) to study the synergistic effect of two-syllable words [-N1N2-]. Analysis of the interaction between [-N1] and [N2-] the conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) in the four aspects of resonance peak, duration, energy, and nasal tone degree, the nasal rhyme tail of Guangzhou dialect is quite different from that of nasal consonant. All four showed obvious weakening of nasal rhyme tail, but no abscission. The duration of nasal rhyme tail and nasal consonant is unstable and easily influenced by vowel or rhyme tail in syllables. (2) the factors influencing the weakening of nasal rhyme tail in Guangzhou dialect are: the pronunciation position and pronunciation method of nasal rhyme tail itself; (3) compared with non-nasalized vowels in Guangzhou dialect, the difference of resonance peak and nasal tone degree was significant, and the length and energy of the nasal vowels were similar to those of the first syllable vowels. After the vowel was nasalized, the pronunciation space was obviously reduced, the position of the vowel was shifted or moved up after the meeting, the degree of nasal vowel was proportional to the tongue position of the vowel, but it had no corresponding relation with the level of the tongue position. The difference of resonance peak, energy and nasal degree between long vowel and short vowel is very small. (4) in dicyllabic words, the consonant of the following syllable [N2-] has more influence on the rhyme end of the former syllable [-N1], and it is easy to produce the reverse synergistic effect.
【学位授予单位】：西北民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H178

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