汉语非完成体“着”结构的时体合成模型

发布时间：2019-01-06 13:49

【摘要】：“着”是现代汉语中使用非常普遍的非完成体标记,一直为研究者所关注。许多研究者专注于“着”的语义,然而本文探索“着”结构的时体意义,也就是含有“着”的句子的时体意义。为此,根据Smith(1991,1997),Klein(1994)以及Declerk(1991)的时体理论,本文首先介绍了关于句子时间意义构成的时体合成模式,然后在此模式指导下,根据汉语“着”使用的实际情况,构建“着”结构时体合成模型。本文主要发现如下:第一,在含有“着”的句子整体时间意义形成过程中,“着”与不同的动词情状连用。在方位倒装句中,“着”与完成动词连用时表示结果状态,然而在其他场合,“着”与状态动词,完成动词,活动动词以及瞬间动词连用表示事件的持续。第二,汉语“着”句子中的主要时间成分构成以及各成分在结构中的作用和相互关系。第三,“着”句子的时态可以通过一些时间副词来表达,如:正,在,同时等。第四,尽管汉语“着”和“了”都是体标记,但是他们的时体框架不同。
[Abstract]:Zhe is a common non-perfect aspect marker in modern Chinese, which has been paid much attention by researchers all the time. Many researchers focus on the semantics of "Zhe", but this paper explores the tense meaning of the "Zhe" structure, that is, the tense meaning of the sentence containing "Zhe". Therefore, according to the tense aspect theory of Smith (1991 / 1997), Klein (1994) and Declerk (1991), this paper first introduces the tense and aspect synthesis model of sentence time meaning formation, and then, under the guidance of this model, according to the actual situation of Chinese "Zhe" usage, Construct the "Zhe" structure time volume synthesis model. The main findings of this paper are as follows: first, in the formation of the overall temporal meaning of sentences with Ze, Ze is used with different verbs. In azimuth inversion, "zhe" is used with the completed verb to indicate the result state, but in other cases, it is used with the state verb, the complete verb, the active verb, and the instantaneous verb to indicate the continuity of the event. Second, the composition of the main time components in the Chinese Zhe sentence and the function and interrelation of each component in the structure. Third, the tense of the sentence can be expressed by some time adverbs, such as: positive, in, and at the same time. Fourth, although both Chinese Zhe and Hu are aspect markers, their tense frames are different.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3

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