德语为母语的初级汉语水平学生声调实验偏误分析
发布时间：2019-01-19 11:48
【摘要】：声调是汉语的重要特征,声调教学一直是汉语语音教学的研究重要课题。汉语声调这种较为复杂的音高变化,对无声调为母语的汉语学习者而言,属于比较难掌握的。本文从声调偏误角度,以德语为母语的汉语初级水平的德国中学生为研究对象,运用实验语音学、声调格局理论,对四十一名德国中学生的汉语发音情况进行分析研究,内容包括单字调和双字调的考察,主要描述内容是单字调和双字调的调域和调值。用到的分析工具有:Praat语音分析软件,提取声调基频;Excel,计算单字调和双字调的调值;石锋先生的基频归一化处理的“T值法”。按顺序,分别进行单字调调域偏误分析、调值偏误分析、调型偏误分析以及双字调调域偏误分析、调值偏误分析、调型偏误分析。以德语为母语的汉语初级水平德国中学生在单字调的声调偏误表现为阳平和上声分不清,特别是男学生,上声的表现基本和阳平一样;在双字调偏误中,偏误表现较明显的是上声为前字调的组合中需要上声变调的组合没有变调;阳平上扬幅度不够等情况。同时总结出德国学生在习得汉语声调时在调域方面的偏误表现,较中国人调域窄,典型的有在发去声时,把高降调发成了低降调。在调型方面的偏误,主要是两类声调互相的偏误:阳平和上声;阴平和去声。最后从母语负迁移、目的语干扰、教学因素等角度分析造成偏误的原因。
[Abstract]:Tone is an important feature of Chinese, tone teaching has always been an important research topic in Chinese phonetic teaching. Chinese tone is a complicated change of pitch, which is difficult to master for Chinese learners whose tonality is silent. In this paper, from the angle of tone bias, using the theory of experimental phonetics and tone pattern, we analyze and study the pronunciation of 41 German middle school students, taking German as the mother tongue of Chinese primary level as the research object, and using the theory of experimental phonetics and tone pattern. The content includes the investigation of single word and double tone, mainly describing the tone field and tone value of single word and double character tone. The analysis tools used include: Praat voice analysis software to extract tone fundamental frequency, Excel, to calculate the modulation value of single word and double character tone, and Mr. Shi Feng's "T value method" to normalize the fundamental frequency. According to the order, the single word modulation field error analysis, the adjustment value error analysis, the modulation error analysis and the double character modulation field error analysis, the modulation error analysis respectively are carried out. German native Chinese primary level German secondary school students in the tone of a single tone errors in the expression of Yang peace on the voice is not clear, especially for male students, the performance of the upper voice is basically the same as Yangping; In the double tone error, it is obvious that in the combination of the upper tone and the front tone, there is no change of tone in the combination of the upper tone and the former tone, and the upswing amplitude of Yangping is not enough, and so on. At the same time, it concludes that the errors in tone domain of German students are narrower than that of Chinese students. The errors in tone type are mainly caused by two kinds of tone errors: Yangping and uppertone, Yin flat and dissonant. Finally, the causes of errors are analyzed from the perspectives of negative transfer of mother tongue, target language interference and teaching factors.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3
本文编号：2411348
[Abstract]:Tone is an important feature of Chinese, tone teaching has always been an important research topic in Chinese phonetic teaching. Chinese tone is a complicated change of pitch, which is difficult to master for Chinese learners whose tonality is silent. In this paper, from the angle of tone bias, using the theory of experimental phonetics and tone pattern, we analyze and study the pronunciation of 41 German middle school students, taking German as the mother tongue of Chinese primary level as the research object, and using the theory of experimental phonetics and tone pattern. The content includes the investigation of single word and double tone, mainly describing the tone field and tone value of single word and double character tone. The analysis tools used include: Praat voice analysis software to extract tone fundamental frequency, Excel, to calculate the modulation value of single word and double character tone, and Mr. Shi Feng's "T value method" to normalize the fundamental frequency. According to the order, the single word modulation field error analysis, the adjustment value error analysis, the modulation error analysis and the double character modulation field error analysis, the modulation error analysis respectively are carried out. German native Chinese primary level German secondary school students in the tone of a single tone errors in the expression of Yang peace on the voice is not clear, especially for male students, the performance of the upper voice is basically the same as Yangping; In the double tone error, it is obvious that in the combination of the upper tone and the front tone, there is no change of tone in the combination of the upper tone and the former tone, and the upswing amplitude of Yangping is not enough, and so on. At the same time, it concludes that the errors in tone domain of German students are narrower than that of Chinese students. The errors in tone type are mainly caused by two kinds of tone errors: Yangping and uppertone, Yin flat and dissonant. Finally, the causes of errors are analyzed from the perspectives of negative transfer of mother tongue, target language interference and teaching factors.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3
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