道教词语的术语化与非术语化研究

发布时间：2019-06-01 17:19

【摘要】：道教术语是道教领域的专门用语,是汉语词汇的重要组成部分。术语与普通词语之间可以通过多种手段实现相互转化,这种双向的转化即术语化和非术语化。术语化是一个词汇单位从普通领域进入专业领域的过程;相反,非术语化则是术语脱离原来的专业范畴进入日常领域变成普通词汇。本文主要以《道教大辞典》中收录的道教术语为研究对象。采用排查统计、描写和解释、共时和历时研究相结合的方法,综合运用术语学、词汇学、认知语言学的理论,通过对道教词汇术语化和非术语化的基本概况进行描写,从语义角度考察道教术语与普通词汇之间的转换关系,探究术语的术语化和非术语化演变的方式和原因。首先对国内外关于术语化和非术语化、道教词汇的研究进行了回顾;介绍了本文涉及到的主要概念和理论,包括术语、道教术语和普通词汇,并分析了术语与普通词汇之间的双向转化关系,即术语化和非术语化;其中,术语化还包括从某一范畴的术语转变为另一范畴的术语的现象,即二次术语化。经术语化形成的道教术语主要有两类,一是普通词汇的术语化,二是术语的二次术语化;普通词汇术语化的主要通过隐喻、转喻和象征等词义引申途径;二次术语化的来源包括道教子系统术语、佛教术语以及封建制度术语;术语化形成道教术语主要有两种方式:原有词语的直接借用和作为术语元素或术语成分构成术语;术语化形成道教术语的原因包括语言自身特点、人的心理联想、道教文化的开放性、道教语言的神秘性等。道教术语非术语化的方式包括术语直接运用到日常生活中和术语的变换使用,即通过变换形式或与其他语言成分组合形成新的结构,非术语化通过隐喻、转喻等词义引申方式实现;非术语化一般经历语用和语义两个阶段,这个过程中非术语化程度由低到高递进;道教术语的非术语化的影响因素主要包括语言因素、道教文化对社会的影响、人类的认知心理、言语主体语用心理等。
[Abstract]:Taoist terminology is a special term in the field of Taoism and an important part of Chinese vocabulary. Terms and common words can be transformed into each other by many means, that is, grammaticalization and non-grammaticalization. Grammaticalization is a process from the general field to the professional field of lexical units; on the contrary, non-grammaticalization is the transformation of terms from the original professional category into the daily field into ordinary vocabulary. This paper mainly takes the Taoist terms included in the Taoist Dictionary as the research object. By using the methods of investigation statistics, description and interpretation, synchronic and diachronic research, and using the theories of terminology, lexicology and cognitive linguistics, this paper describes the basic situation of the grammaticalization and non-grammaticalization of Taoist vocabulary. This paper examines the transformation relationship between Taoist terms and ordinary words from the semantic point of view, and probes into the ways and reasons for the evolution of terminological and non-lexical terms. First of all, the research on grammaticalization, non-grammaticalization and Taoist vocabulary at home and abroad is reviewed. This paper introduces the main concepts and theories involved in this paper, including terminology, Taoist terminology and common vocabulary, and analyzes the two-way transformation relationship between terminology and common vocabulary, that is, grammaticalization and non-grammaticalization. Among them, grammaticalization also includes the phenomenon of changing from terminology in one category to terminology in another, that is, secondary grammaticalization. There are two main types of Taoist terms formed by terminology, one is the grammaticalization of ordinary words, the other is the secondary grammaticalization of terms, and the meaning of ordinary vocabulary is mainly extended through metaphors, metonymy and symbolism. The sources of secondary grammaticalization include Taoist subsystem terminology, Buddhist terminology and feudal terminology, and there are two main ways to form Taoist terminology: the direct borrowing of original words and the formation of terms as elements of terms or terms, and the formation of Taoist terms in two ways: the direct borrowing of original words and the composition of terms as elements of terms or terms; The reasons for the formation of Taoist terms include the characteristics of language, the psychological association of human beings, the openness of Taoist culture, the mystery of Taoist language and so on. The non-grammaticalization of Taoist terms includes the direct application of terms to daily life and the transformation and use of terms, that is, the formation of new structures through the transformation of forms or combination with other linguistic components, and the non-grammaticalization through metaphor. Metonymy and other words to extend the meaning of the realization; Non-technical grammaticalization generally goes through two stages: pragmatic and semantic, in which the degree of non-grammaticalization is from low to high. The influencing factors of non-grammaticalization of Taoist terms mainly include language factors, the influence of Taoist culture on society, human cognitive psychology, pragmatic psychology of speech subjects and so on.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H13

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