汉语请求策略研究：一项基于跨文化视角的对比

发布时间：2023-07-25 02:55

　　本研究在调查来华学汉语的欧美学生、日韩学生、留学欧美的中国学生以及中国在校非英语专业研究生汉语请求策略使用情况的基础上,通过对比的手段,描述、揭示和解释了每组学生汉语请求策略的相同性和差异性以及引起这些异同的可能原因。请求策略研究已取得卓有成效的发展和研究成果,但汉语请求策略研究目前缺乏对有着东西不同文化背景的汉语留学生请求策略的关注,缺乏对留学国外的中国学生汉语请求策略的关注。要知道,不同文化背景的交际者即使在说同一种语言时,也会采用不同的请求言语行为策略。 为了探讨不同文化背景的人在操同一种语言(汉语)时所采用的请求策略的相同和不同之处,该研究以“语篇补全测试”为工具,对四组有着不同文化背景的学生(共203人),即学汉语的欧美学生(EA),学汉语的日韩留学生(JK),留学国外的中国学生(NCA)和在中国的非英语专业研究生(NCH)进行了问卷调查。该调查问卷共有20个请求言语情境,均在在源于西方学者研究结果的基础上,经过适当修改和增加,涵盖了我们汉语请求言语行为的日常情境。为了探讨造成以上请求策略的异同原因,笔者对受试的部分学生进行了访谈,找到了一些可能解释的原因和理由。 本研究具体...

【文章页数】：227 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
Acknowledgments
摘要
ABSTRACT
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Abbreviations
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Research Orientation
    1.2 Motivations and Methods of the Research
    1.3 Significance of the Research
    1.4 Organization of the Dissertation
Chapter 2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
    2.1 Rationale for Request Strategy
        2.1.1 Pragmatics and Cross-cultural Pragmatics
        2.1.2 Interlanguage Pragmatics
        2.1.3 Speech Act Theories
        2.1.4 Politeness Theories
        2.1.5 Politeness Theories and Request Strategies
    2.2 Concept and Criteria of Request as a Speech Act
        2.2.1 Understanding of Request
        2.2.2 Criteria of Request
    2.3 Request Classification and Request Strategies
        2.3.1 Request Classification
        2.3.2 Perspectives on Request Speech Act
        2.3.3 Structural Components of Request
        2.3.4 Classification of Request Strategies by Blum-Kulka & House
        2.3.5 Modifications of Request Speech Act
    2.4 Studies on Requests at home and Abroad
        2.4.1 Studies on Chinese Request Made by Native Chinese
        2.4.2 Contrastive Studies on English Request and Chinese Request
        2.4.3 Studies on Chinese Request Strategies Adopted by Foreign Students ○f Chinese
    2.5 Summary: Basis for the Present Research
Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN OF THE STUDY
    3.1 Hypotheses of the Research
    3.2 Instruments s of the Research
        3.2.1 Origin of the Discourse Completion Test
        3.2.2 Modification of DCT for the Present Study
        3.2.3 DCT Questionnaire for the Research
        3.2.4 The Interview
            3.2.4.1 Structure of the Interview
            3.2.4.2 Sampling Procedures
    3.3 Subjects and Procedures of the Questionnaire Survey
        3.3.1 Criteria for Selecting the Subjects
        3.3.2 Classification of the Subjects
        3.3.3 General Information of the Subjects
    3.4 Summary
Chapter 4 A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Types of Request Strategies Used by the Four Groups in General
    4.3 Differences in the Types of Request Strategies Used by the Four Groups
        4.3.1 General Situational Variations of Strategies Used by the Four Groups
        4.3.2 Situational Setting Variations in the Adoption of the Direct Strategies by the four Groups
            4.3.2.1 Differences in the Directness of Request Strategies Used by the Four Groups in All the 6 Situational Settings
            4.3.2.2 Differences in the Conventional Indirectness of Request Strategies Used by the Four Groups in All the 6 Situational Settings
            4.3.2.3 Differences in the Unconventional Indirectness of Request Strategies Used by the Four Groups in All the 6 Situational Settings
    4.4 Differences in the Types of Request Strategies Used by the Four Groups in Terms of Social Distance and Dominance.
        4.4.1 Differences in the Types of Request Strategies Used by the Four Group Regarding Social Distance
            4.4.1.1 Differences in the Adoption of Types of Request Strategies by the Four Groups in +SD Situation
            4.4.1.2 Differences in the Adoption of Types of Request Strategies by the Four Groups in -SD Situation
        4.4.2 Differences in the Types of Request Strategies Used by the Four Groups Regarding Social Dominance
Y">            4.4.2.1 Differences in the Adoption of Types of Request Strategies Used by the Four Groups under the Dominance of X>Y
            4.4.2.2 Differences in the Adoption of Types of Request Strategies Used by the Four Groups under the Dominance of X

            4.4.2.3 Differences in the Adoption of Types of Request Strategies Used by the Four Groups under the Dominance of X=Y
    4.5 Contrastive Analysis of the Request Modifications Adopted by the Four Groups
        4.5.1 Modifications Adopted by the Four Groups in General
        4.5.2 Alerters Adopted by the Four Groups
        4.5.3 Supportive Moves Adopted by the Four Groups
    4.6 Contrastive Analysis of the Politeness Markers Adopted by the Four Groups
    4.7 Summary: Major Findings of the Quantitative Research
Chapter 5 A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INTERVIEW RESULTS
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Analysis of the Causes for the Differences in the Use of the Three Type of Request Strategies by the Four Groups
    5.3 Analysis of the Causes for the Differences in the Use of Request Modifications by the Four Groups
    5.4 Analysis of the Causes for the Differences in the Use of Request Politeness Markers by the Four Groups
    5.5 Summary: Factors Contributing to the Differences in the Use of Request Strategies by the Four Groups
        5.5.1 Parataxis vs. Hypotaxis as A Linguistic Factor
        5.5.2 Social Dominance vs. Equality Orientation as A Social Factor
        5.5.3 Collectivism vs. Individualism as A Cultural Factor
Chapter 6 CONCLUSION
    6.1 Major Findings of the Research
    6.2 Implications of the Research
    6.3 Limitations of the Research
    6.4 Suggestions for Future Research
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX Ⅰ
APPENDIX Ⅱ



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