现代汉语心理动词“知道”的情态意义

发布时间：2024-09-17 13:55

　　情态作为一个语法范畴,表达说话人对句子中命题的真值或事件的现实性状态的主观态度,包括一系列语义概念:可能性、必要性、能力、意愿、义务、许可等。在众多表达情态的语言手段中,情态助动词是最主要的形式载体。现代汉语中,“知道”通常作为心理动词,即蕴涵心理状态的动词,表示“对于事物或道理有认识”或“懂得”之义。在句法上,“知道”有两种用法,一种是作为实义动词,带体词宾语,即“知道+N”;一种是作为助动词,带谓词宾语,即“知道+V”。现有文献已经对“知道”从多个角度进行研究,包括语义特征、句法环境、“X知道”固定构式等,尽管有涉及其主观性、认知模式、情态萌芽等方面的研究,但大多数尚未深入到“知道”的情态意义表达的研究。因此,本文采用Palmer(1990)提出的传统情态类型三分法,即把情态类型分为认识情态、动力情态与道义情态,旨在描述、分析和解读“知道”作为现代汉语中典型心理动词可表达的不同情态意义。本文从北京语言大学语料库(BCC)中随机收集3000条语料(使用“知道”作为谓语的句子)来构成本研究所需的语料库,通过定性与定量相结合的研究方法进行细致观察和分析,试图回答三个问题:(1)“知道”可以...

【文章页数】：105 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
Acknowledgements
Abstract
摘要
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Research Background
    1.2 Research Objectives and Questions
    1.3 Data Collection and Analysis
    1.4 Organization of the Thesis
Chapter 2 Literature Review
    2.1 Previous Studies on Chinese Psychological Verbs
        2.1.1 Definitions and Classifications of Psychological Verbs
        2.1.2 Discussions on Subjectivity and Modalization of Psychological Verbs
        2.1.3 Semantic and Grammatical Similarities between Psychological Verbsand Modal Auxiliaries
    2.2 Previous Studies on Chinese Psych Verb "Zhidao"
        2.2.1 An Overview of Traditional Study of "Zhidao"
        2.2.2 Previous Studies of Factivity and Subjectivity of "Zhidao"
        2.2.3 Previous Studies of Epistemic Logic and Modality of "Zhidao"
        2.2.4 Discussions on Grammaticalization and Modalization of "Zhidao" Typeof Verbs
    2.3 Summary
Chapter 3 Theoretical Foundation
    3.1 Modality
        3.1.1 An Overview of Definitions of Modality
        3.1.2 An Overview of Classifications of Modality
        3.1.3 Three-fold Distinction of Modality
        3.1.4 Linguistic Means of Expressing Modality in Mandarin Chinese
    3.2 Modal Auxiliary Verbs
        3.2.1 Definitions of Auxiliary Verbs
        3.2.2 Classification Standards of(Modal)Auxiliary Verbs
        3.2.3 Syntactic Behaviors of(Modal)Auxiliary Verbs
    3.3 Summary
Chapter 4 Analysis of Modal Meanings and Syntactic Behaviors of "Zhidao"
    4.1 Polysemy and Syntactic Representation of "Zhidao"
    4.2 Dynamic Modality Expressed by "Zhidao"
        4.2.1 Ability Sense in Participant-inherent Dynamic Modality
        4.2.2 Willingness Sense in Participant-inherent Dynamic Modality
        4.2.3 Ability or Willingness Sense in Participant-imposed Dynamic Modality
    4.3 Deontic Modality Expressed by "Zhidao"
        4.3.1 Obligative Sense in Deontic Modality
        4.3.2 Commissive Promises in Deontic Modality
    4.4 Epistemic Modality Expressed by "Zhidao"
        4.4.1 Deductive Epistemic Modality
        4.4.2 Assumptive Epistemic Modality
    4.5 A Discussion on Syntactic Behaviors of "Zhidao"
        4.5.1 Syntactic Constituents
        4.5.2 A Discussion Under the Classification Standards of Auxiliary Verbs
        4.5.3 A Discussion Under Syntactic Distribution Standards of Auxiliary Verbs
    4.6 Summary
Chapter 5 Pragmatic Functions of "Zhidao"
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Pragmatic Functions of Praise and Appreciation
        5.2.1 "Zhidao" Modified by "Ye" (Also)or "Lian.Ye" (Even)
        5.2.2 "Zhidao" Negated and Modified by "Cong" or "Conglai" (Never)
    5.3 Pragmatic Functions of Blaming and Criticism
        5.3.1 "Zhidao" Modified by "Ye" (Also)
        5.3.2 "Zhidao" Modified by "Zhi/Cai/Jiu" (Only)
        5.3.3 "Zhidao" Negated and Modified by "Cong" or "Conglai" (Never)
        5.3.4 "Zhidao" Negated and Modified by "Yidianye" (Not at all)
    5.4 Summary
Chapter 6 Conclusion
    6.1 Major Findings of the Study
    6.2 Implications of the Study
    6.3 Limitations and Prospects for Further Research
References



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