我国政府数据开放保障机制研究
发布时间：2018-07-29 20:40
【摘要】：全球开放存取运动的广泛开展促进了知识的传播与共享,在此基础上作为描述客观事物最为直观和原始的数据也逐渐得到重视。数据价值在一定程度上超越信息与知识,政府作为社会信息资源的最大拥有者,其所拥有的数据具有不可估量的应用价值,在大数据时代背景下要发挥这些数据的价值,政府数据开放是唯一也是必要的途径。而为了使政府数据发挥其巨大价值,保障数据安全,保障机制的构建将成为政府数据开放研究的重要内容。国内对于数据开放最初的研究多是对于国外实践研究的总结或是案例分析;近来逐渐扩展到了政府数据开放的相关概念及理论研究,对政府数据开放保障机制的研究也逐渐开展。但是,目前国内已有的数据平台多按照数据来源机构、涉及领域等进行组织,缺乏相应的组织标准;数据之间也缺乏必要的语义关联,极大地影响数据检索的准确度和效率;我国政府数据开放研究起步晚,相关的政策法律建设落后,无法实现对数据的质量控制。国内关于政府数据开放保障机制的相关研究更是少之又少,因此本文将对政府数据开放保障机制的建设进行研究以期能够为国内政府数据开放提供一定的建议。本文构建的政府数据开放保障机制包括政策法律建设、平台建设、执行与合作机制建设以及监督与反馈机制建设4个方面。研究主要包括以下3点:1.选取美、英、印三国作为典型案例进行比较分析,总结三国在政府数据开放和保障机制建设方面的经验。对国内外已有的数据开放平台进行对比分析,归纳存在的问题并提出相应解决办法;引入控制论的相关理论与研究方法,对控制论应用于政府数据开放保障机制研究的可行性进行论证,并且从控制论的角度对政府数据开放保障机制进行构建研究。2.将政府数据开放保障机制作为社会系统进行研究,基于控制论的思想,从控制器、执行器和反馈部分3个部分对政府数据开放保障机制的4个方面进行具体分析。依据控制系统的组成,构建我国政府数据开放保障机制的整体架构,并以政府数据开放为控制任务、数据管理为控制参数,提出我国政府数据开放保障机制的工作流程。3.从质量控制的角度出发,面向数据权限、数据安全、用户需求3个层面对提出的保障机制进行实证分析,检验保障机制的工作效果。政府数据开放已在世界范围内成为大势所趋,从2015年起中国对政府数据开放表现出高度的重视。尽管中国的政府数据开放研究尚未真正展开,已有的相关探索也存在诸多问题,但是我国可以基于国内现有的研究,根据中国国情制定和完善相关法律法规,同时大力宣传政府数据开放的相关概念,提高全民的数据开放意识。同时借鉴国外的政府数据开放保障机制的建设经验,发挥保障机制对政府数据开放的引导作用,基于本文希望能对我国的法律建设、平台建设、相关执行与合作机制建设以及监督机制的建设方面提供参考。
[Abstract]:The extensive development of the global open access movement has promoted the spread and sharing of knowledge. On this basis, the most intuitive and primitive data to describe objective things are also gradually paid attention to. The value of data is beyond information and knowledge to a certain extent. As the largest owner of the social information resources, the data of the government is not available. In order to make the government data play its great value and ensure the security of the data, the construction of the guarantee mechanism will become an important content of the government data opening research. Most of the research is the summary or case analysis of foreign practice research; recently, it has gradually expanded to the relevant concepts and theories of government data opening, and the research on the open security mechanism of government data is gradually carried out. The corresponding organizational standards; the lack of the necessary semantic association between the data, which greatly affects the accuracy and efficiency of data retrieval; the government data opening research in our country is late, the relevant policy and law construction is backward, and the quality control of the data can not be realized. Therefore, this paper will study the construction of the government data opening guarantee mechanism so as to provide some suggestions for the opening of the government data. The government data opening guarantee mechanism includes 4 aspects: the construction of policy and law, the construction of the platform, the construction of the implementation and cooperation mechanism, and the construction of the supervision and feedback mechanism. The following 3 points should be included: 1. select the United States, Britain and India as a typical case for comparative analysis, summarize the experience of the three countries in the government data opening and guarantee mechanism construction, compare and analyze the existing open data platform at home and abroad, sum up the existing problems and put forward the corresponding solutions, and introduce the related theories and research of the cybernetics. Method, the feasibility of the application of cybernetics to the study of government data open security mechanism is demonstrated. And from the perspective of cybernetics, the construction of government data open security mechanism is constructed and studied by.2., the government data open security mechanism is studied as a social system, based on the control theory, from the controller, the actuator and the feedback part 3. According to the composition of the control system, the whole structure of the government data opening guarantee mechanism is constructed, and the government data opening as the control task, the data management as the control parameter, and the working process.3. of the government data opening guarantee mechanism of our government.3. from quality. From the point of view of control, 3 layers of data permissions, data security and user needs are faced with an empirical analysis of the proposed guarantee mechanism to test the effectiveness of the guarantee mechanism. The opening of government data has become the general trend in the world. China has shown great importance to the opening of government data since 2015. The research on the opening of the data has not been really carried out, and there are many problems in the related exploration. However, our country can make and perfect the relevant laws and regulations based on the existing domestic research, according to the national conditions of China, and promote the relevant concepts of the opening of the government data to improve the awareness of the open data of the whole people and draw on the government data of the foreign countries. The construction experience of the open security mechanism and the guiding role of the guarantee mechanism to the opening of the government data are given. Based on this article, we hope to provide a reference for the construction of China's law, the construction of the platform, the construction of related implementation and cooperation mechanism and the construction of supervision mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D63;G203
本文编号：2153950
[Abstract]:The extensive development of the global open access movement has promoted the spread and sharing of knowledge. On this basis, the most intuitive and primitive data to describe objective things are also gradually paid attention to. The value of data is beyond information and knowledge to a certain extent. As the largest owner of the social information resources, the data of the government is not available. In order to make the government data play its great value and ensure the security of the data, the construction of the guarantee mechanism will become an important content of the government data opening research. Most of the research is the summary or case analysis of foreign practice research; recently, it has gradually expanded to the relevant concepts and theories of government data opening, and the research on the open security mechanism of government data is gradually carried out. The corresponding organizational standards; the lack of the necessary semantic association between the data, which greatly affects the accuracy and efficiency of data retrieval; the government data opening research in our country is late, the relevant policy and law construction is backward, and the quality control of the data can not be realized. Therefore, this paper will study the construction of the government data opening guarantee mechanism so as to provide some suggestions for the opening of the government data. The government data opening guarantee mechanism includes 4 aspects: the construction of policy and law, the construction of the platform, the construction of the implementation and cooperation mechanism, and the construction of the supervision and feedback mechanism. The following 3 points should be included: 1. select the United States, Britain and India as a typical case for comparative analysis, summarize the experience of the three countries in the government data opening and guarantee mechanism construction, compare and analyze the existing open data platform at home and abroad, sum up the existing problems and put forward the corresponding solutions, and introduce the related theories and research of the cybernetics. Method, the feasibility of the application of cybernetics to the study of government data open security mechanism is demonstrated. And from the perspective of cybernetics, the construction of government data open security mechanism is constructed and studied by.2., the government data open security mechanism is studied as a social system, based on the control theory, from the controller, the actuator and the feedback part 3. According to the composition of the control system, the whole structure of the government data opening guarantee mechanism is constructed, and the government data opening as the control task, the data management as the control parameter, and the working process.3. of the government data opening guarantee mechanism of our government.3. from quality. From the point of view of control, 3 layers of data permissions, data security and user needs are faced with an empirical analysis of the proposed guarantee mechanism to test the effectiveness of the guarantee mechanism. The opening of government data has become the general trend in the world. China has shown great importance to the opening of government data since 2015. The research on the opening of the data has not been really carried out, and there are many problems in the related exploration. However, our country can make and perfect the relevant laws and regulations based on the existing domestic research, according to the national conditions of China, and promote the relevant concepts of the opening of the government data to improve the awareness of the open data of the whole people and draw on the government data of the foreign countries. The construction experience of the open security mechanism and the guiding role of the guarantee mechanism to the opening of the government data are given. Based on this article, we hope to provide a reference for the construction of China's law, the construction of the platform, the construction of related implementation and cooperation mechanism and the construction of supervision mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D63;G203
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