数据新闻智能化生产的发展趋势研究
发布时间：2019-05-26 21:38
【摘要】：随着互联网技术的不断革新,新闻实践和研究领域的日趋丰富,数据新闻业已成为新闻行业发展的一个重要方向。分析《卫报》、《华盛顿邮报》、《纽约时报》等西方媒体的数据新闻作品,发现数据在新闻呈现方式和信息表达方面,具有较强的传播效果和认可度。尤其是再造了传统新闻生产的流程,让新闻工作者感叹数据在信息挖掘过程中扮演如此重要的角色。大量的事实强有力的告诉我们,这是一个大数据的时代,也是智能信息处理的黄金时代,数据新闻将推动新闻行业向智能化方向迈进。此前信息的传播要依赖实体介质,而媒介演化的使命便是介质迭代下的时空障碍消除。例如报纸,让文字的传播打破了只能口口相传的桎梏;电视直播让时间障碍趋于零和;手机,则消弭了获取信息的空间障碍。然而,随着技术的不断进化,一度消解了曾经的传播权力界限。技术重塑了媒介生产和传播,让传统媒体权力无限下放至终端和用户。随着技术的进步,进入"互联网+"时代,大数据、云计算、移动互联网为数据挖掘提供了强大的技术支撑,Google Fusion Tables、Google MapsAPI、Google Charts 或者是 Timetric 等开源软件为数据可视化表达提供了条件,在"人人皆可为记者"的时代,专业的数据新闻生产无疑再一次拉高了新闻行业的准入门槛,形象直观的新闻将带给用户更加交互的体验,宏大的选题借助一张张图表和动画来表达,新闻的价值得到重新的诠释。数据新闻相比传统新闻而言,在揭示和梳理事件内在关系、可视化表达、寻找新闻线索、与读者互动方面,具有独特的价值。本文以新华网"数据新闻"栏目和腾讯网"新闻百科"栏目为例,从数据新闻生产环节、内容分析、可视化表达三个方面,比较与分析两家媒体在数据新闻生产总量、报道时间、数据来源、选题特点、报道功能、报道视角与倾向性、数据挖掘类型、呈现方式、图表构成元素、数据表现类型等方面的特点,概括出国内数据新闻发展现状。国内数据新闻经过几年的探索与发展,推出过一些优秀的作品,但整体发展尚处于初级阶段,存在以下局限:数据来源以媒体报道为主,挖掘浅表化;复合型人才匮乏,团队建设尚待加强;可视化表达滥用,信息传递效果欠佳;选题视角狭窄,国际报道偏少。数据新闻智能化生产将呈现以下发展趋势:引入智能硬件,生产适配场景的信息产品;机器人入驻编辑室,释放记者创新活力;搭建媒体平台数据库,扩宽新闻线索感知维度;发展新闻众包平台,与读者建立深层联系;有效建立视觉思维,传递信息之美。
[Abstract]:With the continuous innovation of Internet technology and the increasing enrichment of news practice and research field, data journalism has become an important direction of the development of news industry. This paper analyzes the data news works of western media, such as the Guardian, Washington Post, New York Times and so on, and finds that the data have strong communication effect and recognition in the way of news presentation and information expression. In particular, it rebuilds the process of traditional news production, and makes journalists sigh that data plays such an important role in the process of information mining. A large number of facts forcefully tell us that this is an era of big data, but also the golden age of intelligent information processing, data news will promote the news industry to move forward in the direction of intelligence. Before, the dissemination of information depended on the solid medium, and the mission of media evolution was to eliminate the space-time obstacles under the medium iteration. Newspapers, for example, break the shackles of word-to-mouth transmission; live television tends to zero sum of time barriers; and mobile phones eliminate spatial barriers to access to information. However, with the continuous evolution of technology, once dispelled the once boundary of communication power. Technology reshapes media production and dissemination, so that traditional media power is infinitely decentralized to terminals and users. With the progress of technology, entering the era of "Internet", big data, cloud computing and mobile Internet provide powerful technical support for data mining, Google Fusion Tables,Google MapsAPI,. Open source software such as Google Charts or Timetric provides conditions for data visualization. In the era of "everyone can be a journalist", professional data news production has undoubtedly once again raised the entry threshold of the news industry. Visual news will bring users a more interactive experience, grand topics with the help of charts and animations to express, the value of news has been reinterpreted. Compared with traditional news, data news has unique value in revealing and combing the internal relationship of events, visual expression, finding news clues and interacting with readers. Taking Xinhua data News column and QQ.com News Encyclopedia column as examples, this paper compares and analyzes the total amount of data news production between the two media from three aspects: data news production link, content analysis and visual expression. The characteristics of reporting time, data source, selected topic characteristics, reporting function, reporting perspective and tendency, data mining type, presentation mode, chart composition elements, data representation types and so on are summarized, and the present situation of data news development in China is summarized. After several years of exploration and development, domestic data news has introduced some excellent works, but the overall development is still in the primary stage, there are the following limitations: the data source is mainly media reporting, mining superficial; The compound talents are scarce, the team building needs to be strengthened, the visual expression abuse, the information transmission effect is not good, the selected topic perspective is narrow, the international report is too few. The intelligent production of data news will show the following development trends: introducing intelligent hardware to produce information products suitable for scene, robot entering the editing room to release the innovative vitality of reporters, building media platform database, widening the perceptual dimension of news clues, and expanding the perceptual dimension of news clues. Develop news crowdsourcing platform, establish deep contact with readers, effectively establish visual thinking, transmit the beauty of information.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G210.7
本文编号：2485654
[Abstract]:With the continuous innovation of Internet technology and the increasing enrichment of news practice and research field, data journalism has become an important direction of the development of news industry. This paper analyzes the data news works of western media, such as the Guardian, Washington Post, New York Times and so on, and finds that the data have strong communication effect and recognition in the way of news presentation and information expression. In particular, it rebuilds the process of traditional news production, and makes journalists sigh that data plays such an important role in the process of information mining. A large number of facts forcefully tell us that this is an era of big data, but also the golden age of intelligent information processing, data news will promote the news industry to move forward in the direction of intelligence. Before, the dissemination of information depended on the solid medium, and the mission of media evolution was to eliminate the space-time obstacles under the medium iteration. Newspapers, for example, break the shackles of word-to-mouth transmission; live television tends to zero sum of time barriers; and mobile phones eliminate spatial barriers to access to information. However, with the continuous evolution of technology, once dispelled the once boundary of communication power. Technology reshapes media production and dissemination, so that traditional media power is infinitely decentralized to terminals and users. With the progress of technology, entering the era of "Internet", big data, cloud computing and mobile Internet provide powerful technical support for data mining, Google Fusion Tables,Google MapsAPI,. Open source software such as Google Charts or Timetric provides conditions for data visualization. In the era of "everyone can be a journalist", professional data news production has undoubtedly once again raised the entry threshold of the news industry. Visual news will bring users a more interactive experience, grand topics with the help of charts and animations to express, the value of news has been reinterpreted. Compared with traditional news, data news has unique value in revealing and combing the internal relationship of events, visual expression, finding news clues and interacting with readers. Taking Xinhua data News column and QQ.com News Encyclopedia column as examples, this paper compares and analyzes the total amount of data news production between the two media from three aspects: data news production link, content analysis and visual expression. The characteristics of reporting time, data source, selected topic characteristics, reporting function, reporting perspective and tendency, data mining type, presentation mode, chart composition elements, data representation types and so on are summarized, and the present situation of data news development in China is summarized. After several years of exploration and development, domestic data news has introduced some excellent works, but the overall development is still in the primary stage, there are the following limitations: the data source is mainly media reporting, mining superficial; The compound talents are scarce, the team building needs to be strengthened, the visual expression abuse, the information transmission effect is not good, the selected topic perspective is narrow, the international report is too few. The intelligent production of data news will show the following development trends: introducing intelligent hardware to produce information products suitable for scene, robot entering the editing room to release the innovative vitality of reporters, building media platform database, widening the perceptual dimension of news clues, and expanding the perceptual dimension of news clues. Develop news crowdsourcing platform, establish deep contact with readers, effectively establish visual thinking, transmit the beauty of information.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G210.7
【相似文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 黄昌林;;新闻叙事的时间畸变[J];新闻界;2006年02期
2 王丽娜;彭菊华;;从时间纬度看中西新闻叙事差异[J];湖北广播电视大学学报;2006年05期
3 黄晓军;;新闻叙事范式要素探析[J];孝感学院学报;2009年04期
4 黄晓军;;试析新闻叙事时间[J];写作;2009年07期
5 李艳丽;;新闻叙事的魅力[J];记者摇篮;2011年07期
6 黎一乐;;浅论新闻叙事人[J];新闻世界;2013年02期
7 房亚田;;新闻的“潜台词”[J];新闻爱好者;1988年12期
8 蔡汶君;;看新闻“碎片化”背景下的微博新闻叙事[J];青年文学家;2011年01期
9 ;论新闻的第二种叙事[J];新闻传播;2002年09期
10 何纯;关于新闻叙事学研究的构想[J];湘潭大学社会科学学报;2003年04期
相关重要报纸文章 前3条
1 郭红彦;“冷”饭也能“炒”出好新闻[N];海南农垦报;2009年
2 中国传媒大学新闻传播学部 钱思羽 倪乐融;数据新闻：源于数据 但高于数据[N];中国新闻出版报;2014年
3 正阳县广播电视局 孟祥国;新闻画面抓拍有技巧[N];驻马店日报;2010年
相关博士学位论文 前3条
1 吕岩梅;社会转型期新闻框架真实建构新探[D];中国传媒大学;2008年
2 杨琴;新闻叙事与文化记忆[D];四川大学;2007年
3 李凌燕;新闻叙事的主观性研究[D];复旦大学;2010年
相关硕士学位论文 前10条
1 曾一;数据新闻研究[D];四川师范大学;2015年
2 张超;网易、新浪、搜狐数据新闻的实践研究[D];广西大学;2015年
3 张嘉佳;数据新闻:大数据时代讲故事的新方式研究[D];兰州大学;2016年
4 张丹;湖南卫视“现象级”新闻大片《绝对忠诚》成功的探究[D];兰州大学;2016年
5 程大艳;叙事学视角下《法治在线》研究[D];新疆大学;2016年
6 贾千慧;手机新闻客户端数据新闻可视化现状及发展研究[D];电子科技大学;2016年
7 赵新宁;财新网“数字说”的数据新闻实践研究[D];河北大学;2016年
8 李越超;我国新媒体平台可视化新闻的实践及启示[D];黑龙江大学;2016年
9 邵明亮;数据新闻的生产逻辑研究[D];南京师范大学;2016年
10 辛媛;论新闻叙事主观性的表达手段[D];北方民族大学;2016年
，本文编号：2485654
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/xinwenchuanbolunwen/2485654.html
