从知识限度视角看新闻传媒中证实性偏见的危害及克服方法
发布时间：2019-06-27 08:06
【摘要】："理性有限"理论指出,人们的偏见来源于人们无法完整、完全理性地处理信息和分析信息。而各种偏见当中最为常见、影响范围最大、后果最为严重、隐蔽性最强也最难被人发现的就是证实性偏见。证实性偏见指人们有意或无意地寻找支持自己看法的信息和解释,避免不同看法的信息和解释的倾向。这种倾向并未因互联网时代知识数字化传播浪潮的冲击而有所消减。证实性偏见的形成是因为我们的偏见和我们对这些偏见进行了不全面的验证——证"实",不证"伪"。所以,为减少证实性偏见,就必须改善知识结构,扩大知识面,从而能多侧面看待问题;在分析和处理外来信息时,能运用丰富的知识储备去证"伪";有意识地从不同角度考虑问题以及接受群体意见也有助于减少偏见。在移动互联网时代,运用大数据和人工智能技术对事件信息进行验证,是克服证实性偏见的新方法。
[Abstract]:The theory of "rational limitation" points out that people's prejudice comes from the fact that people can not process information and analyze information completely and rationally. Among all kinds of prejudices, the most common, the largest scope of influence, the most serious consequences, the strongest concealment and the most difficult to be found is empirical prejudice. Empirical prejudice refers to the tendency of people to intentionally or unwittingly look for information and explanations in support of their own views and avoid different views of information and interpretation. This tendency has not been reduced by the impact of the wave of digital dissemination of knowledge in the Internet age. The formation of positivism prejudice is due to our prejudice and our incomplete verification of these prejudices-to prove the truth and not to prove the falsehood. Therefore, in order to reduce the prejudice of proof, it is necessary to improve the knowledge structure and expand the scope of knowledge, so that we can look at the problem from many aspects; when analyzing and processing foreign information, we can use rich knowledge reserve to prove "falsehood"; consciously considering problems from different angles and accepting group opinions also help to reduce prejudice. In the era of mobile Internet, using big data and artificial intelligence technology to verify event information is a new method to overcome the prejudice of proof.
【作者单位】： 上海理工大学出版印刷与艺术设计学院;上海理工大学互联网与文化创意产业协同创新中心;复旦大学新闻传播与媒介化社会研究国家哲学社会科学创新基地;
【分类号】：G210
，
本文编号：2506634
[Abstract]:The theory of "rational limitation" points out that people's prejudice comes from the fact that people can not process information and analyze information completely and rationally. Among all kinds of prejudices, the most common, the largest scope of influence, the most serious consequences, the strongest concealment and the most difficult to be found is empirical prejudice. Empirical prejudice refers to the tendency of people to intentionally or unwittingly look for information and explanations in support of their own views and avoid different views of information and interpretation. This tendency has not been reduced by the impact of the wave of digital dissemination of knowledge in the Internet age. The formation of positivism prejudice is due to our prejudice and our incomplete verification of these prejudices-to prove the truth and not to prove the falsehood. Therefore, in order to reduce the prejudice of proof, it is necessary to improve the knowledge structure and expand the scope of knowledge, so that we can look at the problem from many aspects; when analyzing and processing foreign information, we can use rich knowledge reserve to prove "falsehood"; consciously considering problems from different angles and accepting group opinions also help to reduce prejudice. In the era of mobile Internet, using big data and artificial intelligence technology to verify event information is a new method to overcome the prejudice of proof.
【作者单位】： 上海理工大学出版印刷与艺术设计学院;上海理工大学互联网与文化创意产业协同创新中心;复旦大学新闻传播与媒介化社会研究国家哲学社会科学创新基地;
【分类号】：G210
，
本文编号：2506634
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