中国视频网站自制节目主持人身份研究
发布时间：2019-06-27 15:53
【摘要】：自2011年以来,视频网站自制节目开始崭露头角,经过三年的发展,视频网站自制节目逐渐增多。同时,各大视频网站自制节目的主持人也开始被人熟知,甚至超过电视节目主持人的影响力。如依托网络自制节目的草根性主持人董成鹏,获封"互联网第一主持人"。如传统媒体人转战网络节目主持人,形成"新型文化媒介人"群体,如由具有良好文化资本的"新型知识分子"逐渐走向网络自制节目的前台。在传统的电视节目中,主持人的工作主要根据节目的设定,其本身身份设定在"主持人"角色中,无更多自主意识的表达与呈现。而在网络自制节目中,主持人身份的多元化,模糊化,身份表征呈现不断增加,甚至受众对主持人个人其他社会身份的认知要超过节目主持人本身的角色设定。当前对人的研究已从"角色"研究转换为"身份"研究,"身份"研究为"角色理论"提供了一个主观立场,更多主体意识的思考与反思。除此之外,身份理论相较于角色理论有一定的优势,它具备了角色理论不具有的对社会变化和文化意义的敏感度。本文着眼于将节目主持人的角色研究发展为身份研究,从单纯的研究节目主持人角色功能本身到将节目主持人的研究导入一个更加广阔的社会文化语境中。本文运用文献资料研究法、内容分析法、多学科交叉分析法等方法,将中国最为热门的五大视频网站中的自制节目主持人作为研究对象。对其中的典型主持人的身份进行分类,并且结合文化研究、运用布尔迪厄的场域等理论分析视频节目主持人身份特征。通过分析,本文研究主要成果如下:第一、本文将视频网站中的主持人身份划分为草根出身、新型文化媒介人、知识分子、传统电视主持人、明星跨界等五大类,并发现各自身份能够担任视频网站自制节目主持人的不同原因。第二、不同于广播、电视等媒体环境,充满"后现代主义"网络文化的视频网站,在节目设置、内容选定上,呈现出泛娱乐、分众化的取向。依托于此环境中的节目主持人,呈现出了与广播、电视等媒体上不同的身份和职业特点,如多元的身份设定,"商业代言"凌驾于"公共话语代言",主持语言上的"弱智""幼稚化"。第三、本文探讨了视频网站节目主持人的发展未来,一方面,视频网站节目的主持人在其职业专业性上稍有欠缺,但在其节目内容中却表现出很强的知识专业性,与节目内容高度融合,对"节目主持人"专业性发展是积极且有益的。另一方面,由于视频网站节目主持人相较于广播、电视节目主持人来说,流动性强、节目设置的不固定性,因此笔者认为视频网站节目主持人身份难以依附并形成某一特定职业群体。
[Abstract]:Since 2011, video website homemade programs began to emerge, after three years of development, video website homemade programs gradually increased. At the same time, the hosts of homemade programs on major video sites are also beginning to be known, even surpassing the influence of TV hosts. For example, Dong Chengpeng, a grassroots host who relies on self-made programs on the Internet, has been named "the first host of the Internet." For example, the traditional media people switch to the network program host to form the group of "new cultural media people", such as from the "new intellectuals" with good cultural capital to the front desk of the network self-made programs. In the traditional TV programs, the work of the host is mainly based on the setting of the program, its own identity is set in the role of "host", and there is no more expression and presentation of independent consciousness. In the network self-made programs, the identity of the host is diversified, fuzzy, identity representation is increasing, and even the audience's cognition of the host's personal social identity exceeds the role setting of the host himself. At present, the study of human beings has changed from the study of "role" to the study of "identity". The study of "identity" provides a subjective stand for "role theory" and more thinking and reflection on subject consciousness. In addition, identity theory has certain advantages over role theory, and it has sensitivity to social change and cultural significance that role theory does not have. This paper focuses on the development of the role of the program host into the identity research, from the simple study of the role function of the program host itself to the introduction of the program host's research into a broader social and cultural context. In this paper, the self-made program hosts in the five most popular video websites in China are taken as the research object by using the methods of literature research, content analysis and interdisciplinary analysis. The identity of typical hosts is classified, and combined with cultural research, the identity characteristics of video hosts are analyzed by using the field theory of Bourdieu. Through the analysis, the main results of this paper are as follows: first, this paper divides the identity of hosts in video websites into five categories: grassroots origin, new cultural media, intellectuals, traditional TV hosts, stars and so on, and finds out the different reasons why their respective identities can act as self-made program hosts on video websites. Second, different from radio, television and other media environment, the video website full of "post-modernism" network culture presents the orientation of pan-entertainment and differentiation in program setting and content selection. Relying on this environment, the program host presents different identity and professional characteristics from radio, television and other media, such as pluralistic identity setting, "commercial endorsement" is above "public discourse endorsement", and hosts the "mentally retarded" and "childish" language. Thirdly, this paper discusses the development future of video website program host. On the one hand, the host of video website program is slightly deficient in his professional professionalism, but shows a strong knowledge professionalism in his program content, which is highly integrated with the program content, which is positive and beneficial to the professional development of "program host". On the other hand, because the video website program host is compared with the radio, the TV program host is strong, the program setting is not fixed, so the author thinks that the video website program host status is difficult to depend on and form a certain professional group.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G222.2
本文编号：2506935
[Abstract]:Since 2011, video website homemade programs began to emerge, after three years of development, video website homemade programs gradually increased. At the same time, the hosts of homemade programs on major video sites are also beginning to be known, even surpassing the influence of TV hosts. For example, Dong Chengpeng, a grassroots host who relies on self-made programs on the Internet, has been named "the first host of the Internet." For example, the traditional media people switch to the network program host to form the group of "new cultural media people", such as from the "new intellectuals" with good cultural capital to the front desk of the network self-made programs. In the traditional TV programs, the work of the host is mainly based on the setting of the program, its own identity is set in the role of "host", and there is no more expression and presentation of independent consciousness. In the network self-made programs, the identity of the host is diversified, fuzzy, identity representation is increasing, and even the audience's cognition of the host's personal social identity exceeds the role setting of the host himself. At present, the study of human beings has changed from the study of "role" to the study of "identity". The study of "identity" provides a subjective stand for "role theory" and more thinking and reflection on subject consciousness. In addition, identity theory has certain advantages over role theory, and it has sensitivity to social change and cultural significance that role theory does not have. This paper focuses on the development of the role of the program host into the identity research, from the simple study of the role function of the program host itself to the introduction of the program host's research into a broader social and cultural context. In this paper, the self-made program hosts in the five most popular video websites in China are taken as the research object by using the methods of literature research, content analysis and interdisciplinary analysis. The identity of typical hosts is classified, and combined with cultural research, the identity characteristics of video hosts are analyzed by using the field theory of Bourdieu. Through the analysis, the main results of this paper are as follows: first, this paper divides the identity of hosts in video websites into five categories: grassroots origin, new cultural media, intellectuals, traditional TV hosts, stars and so on, and finds out the different reasons why their respective identities can act as self-made program hosts on video websites. Second, different from radio, television and other media environment, the video website full of "post-modernism" network culture presents the orientation of pan-entertainment and differentiation in program setting and content selection. Relying on this environment, the program host presents different identity and professional characteristics from radio, television and other media, such as pluralistic identity setting, "commercial endorsement" is above "public discourse endorsement", and hosts the "mentally retarded" and "childish" language. Thirdly, this paper discusses the development future of video website program host. On the one hand, the host of video website program is slightly deficient in his professional professionalism, but shows a strong knowledge professionalism in his program content, which is highly integrated with the program content, which is positive and beneficial to the professional development of "program host". On the other hand, because the video website program host is compared with the radio, the TV program host is strong, the program setting is not fixed, so the author thinks that the video website program host status is difficult to depend on and form a certain professional group.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G222.2
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