大学生自杀预防及危机干预策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 03:05

本文关键词：大学生自杀预防及危机干预策略研究　出处：《浙江师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在自杀已经成为全球共同关心的公共卫生及心理社会问题的今天,大学生作为社会的特殊群体,其自杀现象受到了更加广泛的关注。近年来大学生自杀率节节攀升,大学生自杀现象频繁见诸报端,在我们扼腕叹息的同时,对大学生自杀行为进行深入研究,探讨其影响因素,进而为大学生自杀预防及危机干预提供有效策略,对保护大学生的生命安全、维护学校、家庭及社会的和谐稳定具有重要意义。本研究在充分搜集、阅读文献,整理有关资料的基础上,结合数据统计及案例分析,较全面地了解了大学生自杀现状、特点,在深入挖掘大学生自杀身亡者遗书的基础上,阐述了影响大学生自杀的因素,并给出了如何对大学生自杀行为进行预防与干预的相关策略。基本框架如下：绪论部分简单介绍了本研究的背景、意义、方法,着重梳理了国内外相关的研究内容,并对相关概念进行界定。第二部分对自杀的一般情况进行概述,重点介绍了自杀研究的种种理论取向,包括自杀研究的心理理论取向,自杀研究的社会理论取向以及自杀研究的生物医学理论取向。第三部分为全面了解大学生自杀现状及特点,充分利用网络搜集2001-2008年大学生自杀方面的报道及相关数据,并进行简单的统计分析,总结了近年来大学生自杀的特点,主要表现为：自杀人数及占在校人数比例逐年增加；女性自杀人数及相对占比明显高于男性；理科生略高于文科生；研究生相对占比高于本、专科生；自杀原因多元化又相对集中；学年末、学年初最多、寒暑假相对较少；自杀方式多样化,以跳楼为最主要方式。同时收集自杀者的报道及遗书,结合自杀者的相关背景,在深层次了解其自杀前的身心状态及所思所想的基础上,试图分析大学生自杀背后的原因。第四部分在综合已有文献、统计数据及案例分析的基础上,将影响大学生自杀行为的因素概括为外部因素、主体因素及生活事件因素。其中外部因素又分为宏观外部因素即社会变迁的影响,微观外部因素即家庭及学校的影响；主体因素主要阐述了对自杀行为影响较大的人格因素及精神因素；生活事件因素又分为人际关系困扰、学习压力、情感受挫、就业压力。第五部分提出大学生自杀预防及干预的对策,指出了在大学生自杀预防及危机干预过程中应遵循的原则：入学筛选,动态更新,分类预防原则；防止聚合作用发生的原则；高校为主体,社会、家庭共同预防原则。并对不同情况的大学生,给出了具体的预防及干预策略。
[Abstract]:In the Dutch act has become a public health and psychosocial problems of common concern in the world today, college students as a special social group, the phenomenon of Dutch act attracts more attention. In recent years, college students Dutch act rate rising, students Dutch act phenomenon frequently appear in newspapers, we sadly sigh at the same time, the behavior of college students Dutch act of in-depth research, discussion the influencing factors for college students, and Dutch act prevention and crisis intervention provides effective strategies to protect college students' life safety, maintenance of schools, families and social harmony and stability is of great significance.
The study of reading literature in full collection, collation, based on the data, combining statistics and case analysis, a comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of College Students' status, on the basis of Dutch act, students who died from mining Dutch act, expounds the factors that affect college students Dutch act, and gives the relevant strategies of how to prevent and intervene on College Students' behavior Dutch act. The basic framework is as follows:
The introduction part briefly introduces the background, significance, methods, focuses on the correlative researches at home and abroad, and defines the related concepts. The second part summarizes the general situation of the Dutch act, introduced a variety of theoretical orientation Dutch act research, including research on the psychological Dutch act theory orientation, social theory research Dutch act the orientation and biomedical research orientation theory Dutch act. The third part is a comprehensive understanding of the status quo and characteristics of college students Dutch act, make full use of the network to collect 2001-2008 years of college students Dutch act is reported in terms of and related data, and carries on the simple statistical analysis, summarizes the characteristics of college students in recent years Dutch act, the main performance is: the number of Dutch act and accounted for proportion in school year by year the number of women increased; and the relative Dutch act was significantly higher than the proportion of male; science students is slightly higher than the students of liberal arts graduate students; the relative proportion is higher than that of The college students are relatively concentrated; diversified Dutch act; at the end of the school year, school year most, summer vacation is relatively less; Dutch act forms, as the main way to commit suicide. Suicide reports and also collected the relevant background Dutch act, combined with the Dutch act based on a deeper level, the former state of mind and Dutch act thinking, tries to analyze the causes of College Students' Dutch act behind. The fourth part of the literature on the basis of statistical analysis, data and cases, summary of factors will influence the behavior of college students Dutch act as external factors, subjective factors and life events factors. The external factors are divided into macro external factors that influence social change the micro external factors that impact of family and school; the main factors mainly expounds the personality factors of great influence on the Dutch act behavior and mental factors; life event factors are divided into interpersonal The relationship between distress, learning pressure, emotional frustration, the pressure of employment. The fifth part puts forward the Countermeasures of prevention and intervention of college students Dutch act, pointed out that college students should follow in the Dutch act prevention and crisis intervention in the process of the principle of admission screening, dynamic update, classification and principle of prevention; prevent polymerization; colleges and universities as the main body, society, family the precautionary principle. And on the different situation of college students, prevention and intervention strategies are given.

【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G647;B846

【引证文献】