慢性间歇性缺氧对大鼠下丘脑—垂体—肾上腺轴的影响

发布时间：2018-01-17 21:02

本文关键词：慢性间歇性缺氧对大鼠下丘脑—垂体—肾上腺轴的影响　出处：《重庆医科大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的:制作常压慢性间歇性缺氧的动物模型,为探索OSAHS(Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome)发生发展的病理生理机制提供一个实验平台。通过研究正常供氧、慢性间歇性缺氧以及去除缺氧SD大鼠血浆CRH (Corticotrophin releasing hormone)、ACTH(Adreno-cortico-tropic- hormone)、COR(Cortisol)、电镜下大鼠下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺皮质超微结构的变化,探讨慢性间歇性缺氧对下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴结构和功能的影响及其可能的机制,以期为OSAHS患者的临床治疗提供理论依据。方法:选取24只健康成年雄性SD大鼠,随机分为空白组(unhandled control,UC组)、慢性间歇性缺氧组(chronic intermittent hypoxia ,CIH组)和去除缺氧组(Removal of hypoxia,RH组),UC组正常氧供条件下饲养,CIH组每天间歇性缺氧8小时,持续4周, RH组前4周同CIH组,后4周同UC组。在模型建立成功后,采用放射免疫法检测大鼠血浆CRH、ACTH、COR,同时用电镜观察三组大鼠下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺皮质超微结构的变化。结果: CIH组血浆中CRH、ACTH、COR的含量明显高于UC组和RH组,而UC组和RH组之间无明显差异。大鼠下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺的超微结构在CIH组均呈现为代谢旺盛改变。下丘脑基质中高尔基复合体和线粒体增多,线粒体肿胀明显,胞浆中透明囊泡和分泌颗粒增多;大鼠垂体远侧部嗜碱性细胞分泌颗粒增多,线粒体肿胀,滑面内质网扩张;肾上腺皮质束状带病变最为明显,表现为细胞内脂滴减少,细胞肿胀,线粒体空化,滑面内质网与高尔基体扩张,核膜间隙增宽。结论:慢性间歇性缺氧致使大鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴被激活,反馈调节紊乱,复氧能使其恢复正常。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish an animal model of chronic intermittent hypoxia under normal pressure. To explore OSAHS(Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndromes. The pathophysiological mechanisms of occurrence and development provide an experimental platform through the study of normal oxygen supply. Chronic intermittent hypoxia and elimination of hypoxia in SD rats plasma CRH Corticotrophin releasing. ACTH: Adreno-cortico-tropic-hormonium Cortisola, hypothalamus and pituitary under electron microscope. To explore the effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia on the structure and function of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and its possible mechanism. In order to provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment of OSAHS patients. Methods: Twenty-four healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (control group). Chronic intermittent hypoxia in chronic intermittent hypoxia group and hypoxia removal group. The rats in the RH group received intermittent hypoxia for 8 hours per day for 4 weeks, the first four weeks in the RH group were the same as in the CIH group, and the other 4 weeks in the UC group. After the establishment of the model, the model was successfully established. The changes of ultrastructure of hypothalamus, pituitary and adrenal cortex in three groups were observed by radioimmunoassay. Results: the plasma level of CRHH ACTHCOR in CIH group was significantly higher than that in UC group and RH group, but there was no significant difference between UC group and RH group. The ultrastructure of adrenal gland showed metabolic changes in CIH group. The number of Golgi complex and mitochondria in hypothalamic matrix was increased, mitochondria swelling was obvious, and hyaline vesicles and secretory granules in cytoplasm were increased. In the distal part of the pituitary gland, the secretory granules of basophil increased, mitochondria swelling and endoplasmic reticulum dilatation. The lesions of adrenal cortical fasciculate zone were most obvious, such as decrease of lipid droplets, swelling of cells, cavitation of mitochondria, expansion of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, and widening of nuclear membrane space. Conclusion: chronic intermittent hypoxia induced hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activation, feedback regulation disorder, reoxygenation can make it return to normal.
【学位授予单位】：重庆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R363

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