HIV-1疫苗免疫原设计的研究进展

发布时间：2018-03-06 07:26

本文选题：艾滋病　切入点：免疫原设计策略　出处：《病毒学报》2016年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：至今,艾滋病仍是人类历史上最严重的传染病之一。设计和生产具有保护效力的预防型HIV-1疫苗一直被认为是战胜艾滋病的最佳途径。虽然经过了数十年的努力,但有效的HIV-1疫苗仍未研制成功。在进入临床试验的5种疫苗中,只有RV144实验显示出31%的保护效力,但并不能控制已感染者病情进程。通过临床实验数据和体外实验分析,目前主要有两种免疫原设计策略:诱导广谱中和抗体(bNAb)和有效的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)应答。诱导bNAb可以阻止病毒感染或者降低感染率,其主要免疫原包括:病毒样颗粒、天然包膜蛋白三聚体和稳定的bNAb结合表位等。而诱导有效的CTL应答可以减缓病毒感染进程,其主要免疫原包括:"马赛克"疫苗、保守区免疫原和病毒适应性图谱指导的免疫原等。本文将主要阐述这两种免疫原设计策略及其研究进展。
[Abstract]:AIDS is still one of the most serious infectious diseases in human history. The design and production of a protective preventive HIV-1 vaccine has been considered the best way to combat AIDS. But the effective HIV-1 vaccine has not been successfully developed. Of the five vaccines that enter the clinical trial, only the RV144 test shows a protective effect of 31%, but can not control the disease progression of the infected person. At present, there are two main immunogen design strategies: inducing broad-spectrum neutralizing antibody (bNAb) and effective cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response. Inducing bNAb can prevent virus infection or reduce infection rate, and its main immunogen includes virus-like particles. Natural envelope protein trimer and stable bNAb binding epitopes, and the induction of effective CTL response can slow down the process of virus infection, its main immunogens include: "mosaic" vaccine, The design strategies and research progress of these two immunogens are reviewed in this paper.
【作者单位】：天津大学生命科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31270201) 天津大学自主创新基金
【分类号】：R392

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