脑功能理论的当代发展和前沿研究计划

发布时间：2018-03-24 02:24

本文选题：默认网络　切入点：脑的社会认知系统　出处：《科学通报》2017年30期

【摘要】：21世纪以来,研究人员逐渐揭示出人脑前额叶特别是内侧前额叶的认知功能,脑内的社会镜像神经元系统以及默认网络.这些发现,扩展了20世纪关于经典特异神经通路和网状非特异系统的概念,认识到人脑含有4类机能解剖系统.除了并行协同工作的特异系统和网状系统外,人脑还有以180°相位差交替转换式活动的默认网络和社会认知网络.在所概括的4条神经信息处理机制中,由于自然脑进化的遗传保守性,人脑和动物脑共性大,而与电脑间存在本质差异.人脑功能的独特性体现为社会属性和生物属性高度融合的巨复杂性、四层次性及其包容性.本文简要介绍了脑连接组计划、脑活动图计划和中国脑计划,希望能引起人们关注人脑、动物脑和电脑的共性和本质差异,以便更正确地对待脑科学和人工智能领域的研究成果.
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, researchers have gradually revealed the cognitive function of the prefrontal lobe, especially the medial prefrontal lobe, the social mirror neuron system and the default network in the brain. Expanding on the concepts of classical specific neural pathways and reticular nonspecific systems in the 20th century, and recognizing that the human brain contains four functional anatomical systems, in addition to specialized systems and reticular systems that work in parallel cooperation, The human brain also has a default network and a social cognitive network with 180 掳phase difference alternating activity. In the four neural information processing mechanisms summarized, due to the genetic conservatism of the natural brain evolution, the human brain and the animal brain have great commonality. However, there are essential differences between human brain and computer. The unique function of human brain is embodied in the great complexity of high fusion of social attributes and biological attributes, the four levels and their inclusiveness. The brain activity map plan and the Chinese brain plan hope to draw people's attention to the commonness and essential difference between human brain, animal brain and computer, so as to deal with the research results of brain science and artificial intelligence more correctly.
【作者单位】：北京大学心理与认知科学学院;
【分类号】：R338

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