人竖脊肌的肌构筑和肌梭分布的研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 14:37

  本文选题：人　切入点：竖脊肌　出处：《遵义医学院》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：通过对人竖脊肌的肌构筑和肌梭分布的研究。进一步探讨竖脊肌的形态学特点,为深入研究竖脊肌在躯干运动中的作用提供形态学依据,并为肌的临床应用提供参考数据。 方法：1.用经甲醛固定1年以上的成人尸体6具,完整取下两侧的竖脊肌,采用大体解剖法观察肌内腱板的位置、形态、数量,肌束的行走方向与肌内腱板的位置关系；2.成人尸体6具,用肌构筑法测量竖直肌的肌重、肌长、肌纤维长、生理横切面积等肌构筑学指数,探讨其构筑学特征；3.用甲醛固定的成人尸体5具,共10侧,分别在棘肌、最长肌、髂肋肌的肌腹中部取材,行组织学HE染色后,采用体视学方法进行肌梭密度的研究。 结果：1.大体解剖研究第一腰椎棘突以上平面,棘肌、最长肌、髂肋肌三部分可通过两条纵行浅沟分离。棘肌内有数条长肌腱连接大量短肌束,形成羽肌。最长肌肌部内有多个宽扁的肌内腱板,大量肌纤维附着于腱板形成多羽肌,胸部以上最长肌的肌纤维长,形成半羽肌。髂肋肌肌有分层,肌浅面是长肌纤维,肌深面以短肌纤维占优势,肌束背腹走向,形成羽肌。2.肌构筑学特征：①肌重：竖直肌总重量(371.41±44.10)g；棘肌(61.16±13.26)g,最长肌(197.88±16.53)g,髂肋肌(113.29±17.51)g。②肌长：棘肌(52.86±2.35)cm,最长肌(57.51±2.78)cm,髂肋肌(52.55±3.32)cm。③肌纤维长：棘肌(5.75±0.78)cm,最长肌(11.85±1.58)cm,髂肋肌(11.78±1.30)cm。④羽状角：髂肋肌,最长肌,棘肌均为10。。⑤生理横切面积：棘肌(8.68±2.60)cm2,最长肌(13.41±1.59)cm2,髂肋肌(7.73±1.48)cm2。3.肌梭分布：棘肌肌梭密度为(5.43±3.46)个/cm3,肌梭指数为(5.14±2.27)个/g；最长肌肌梭密度为(13.22±2.32)个/cm3,肌梭指数为(12.51±2.16)个/g；髂肋肌肌梭密度为(12.07±2.51)个/cm3,肌梭指数为(11.42±1.17)个/g。 结论：1.竖脊肌三部分肌中,棘肌是由短肌束构成的羽肌,最长肌和髂肋肌的下1/3段是短肌束构成的多羽肌,肌上2/3段,是由长肌束构成的半羽肌。 2.棘肌的CSA/MW在三块肌中比值最大,倾向于力量型构筑。最长肌和髂肋肌兼具力量型与速度型构筑学特征,具有提供肌力的潜力,也服务于速度运动。 3.竖脊肌肌梭密度高对维持脊柱的稳定性有重要作用。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the muscle architecture and muscle spindle distribution of human erector spinal muscle.In order to provide morphological basis for further study on the role of erector spinal muscle in trunk movement and to provide reference data for clinical application of the muscle, the morphological characteristics of erector spinal muscle were further discussed.Method 1: 1.Six adult cadavers were fixed with formaldehyde for more than one year. The position, shape, quantity, walking direction of muscle bundle and the position of intramuscular tendon plate were observed by gross dissection method.Six adult cadavers were used to measure the muscle weight, muscle length, muscle fiber length and physiological cross sectional area of vertical rectus muscle.Five adult cadavers fixed with formaldehyde were collected from the middle of the muscle abdomen of spinalis longus longus and iliac rib respectively. The density of muscle spindle was studied by stereological method after HE staining.The result is 1: 1.Gross anatomical study of the first lumbar vertebrae above the spinous process, the spinous muscle, the longest muscle, and the iliac rib muscle can be separated by two longitudinal superficial sulcus.There are several long tendons in the spinous muscle connecting a large number of short muscle bundles to form the pinnacle.There are several broad flat intramuscular tendon plates in the longissimus muscle. A large number of muscle fibers are attached to the tendon plate to form polypinnae. The muscle fibers of the longest muscle above the chest are long and form semi-pinnae.The iliac rib muscle is stratified, the superficial surface is the longus muscle fiber, the deep surface is dominated by the short muscle fiber, and the dorsal ventral direction of the muscle bundle forms the pinnar muscle. 2.鑲屾瀯绛戝�︾壒寰�:鈶犺倢閲，

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