冷辐射环境中人体生理与心理响应的实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 06:42

本文选题：冷辐射 + 局部热感觉　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在严寒地区，由于室外温度较低，导致外墙和外窗等围护结构内表面温度低于内墙等其他围护结构的内表面温度。室内为不均匀的冷辐射环境。为了研究在冷辐射环境中人体的生理和心理响应，共进行了3个工况的实验，分别为冷工况、中性工况和均匀工况。其中均匀工况用于对比分析。已基本适应了严寒地区气候的20名身体健康的大学生受试者参加了实验，服装热阻为1.02clo，每个实验工况历时1.5h。实验中测量了空气温度、风速、相对湿度、黑球温度、围护结构内表面温度等环境参数；同时对受试者的心率、血压、皮肤温度等生理参数进行测量；并对受试者的全身热感觉、热舒适和热可接受度等进行主观问卷调查；对受试者的额头、后背、手部、手臂和小腿5个部位的局部热感觉、局部热舒适进行调查；并调查不同部位的局部吹风感。本文研究了人体的生理响应规律，包括人体的生理学参数如皮肤表面温度、心率、血压等随环境参数的变化规律；人体的心理响应规律，包括局部和全身热感觉、局部和全身热舒适随环境参数的变化规律，局部和全身热感觉随生理学参数的变化规律；冷辐射环境中人体热反应评价模型，，包括局部热感觉对全身热感觉的影响，局部和全身热感觉对全身热可接受度的影响。研究结果表明，在冷辐射环境中，不同部位间的皮肤温度和全身平均皮肤温度随空气温度的变化较为显著；心率随温度的升高而加快；血压在不同工况间没有明显的区别。分析热感觉与热舒适的投票，结果表明，由于冷辐射的影响和人体局部热感觉的差异，使得同一工况中，人体各部位的局部热感觉、局部热舒适存在明显的差异，这种差异会随着全身热水平的提高而减弱。中性和冷工况中，头部和后背的热感觉不存在显著性差异，手部、手臂和小腿局部热感觉和全身热感觉存在显著性差异。通过回归分析，得到全身热感觉与全身皮肤温度、局部热感觉与局部和全身皮肤温度、心率与全身热感觉的回归公式。研究表明，PMV预测模型并不适用于冷辐射环境。建立了适用于冷辐射环境的人体热反应评价模型。
[Abstract]:In the cold area, because of the low outdoor temperature, the inner surface temperature of the exterior wall and exterior window is lower than that of the inner wall. Room for uneven cold radiation environment. In order to study the physiological and psychological response of human body in cold radiation environment, three experiments were carried out, namely, cold condition, neutral condition and uniform condition. The uniform working condition is used for comparative analysis. Twenty healthy college students who had basically adapted to the cold climate participated in the experiment. The thermal resistance of clothing was 1.02clo.Each experiment lasted 1.5 hours. The environmental parameters such as air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, black ball temperature, inner surface temperature of enclosure were measured, and physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure and skin temperature were measured. A subjective questionnaire survey was conducted on the whole body thermal sensation, thermal comfort and thermal acceptability of the subjects, and the local thermal sensation and local thermal comfort of the subjects' forehead, back, hands, arms and legs were investigated. The local blowing sensation of different parts was investigated. This paper studies the physiological response of human body, including the changes of physiological parameters such as skin surface temperature, heart rate and blood pressure with environmental parameters, and the psychological response of human body, including local and systemic thermal sensation. The variation of local and systemic thermal comfort with environmental parameters, the variation of local and systemic thermal sensation with physiological parameters, the evaluation model of human body thermal response in cold radiation environment, including the effect of local thermal sensation on systemic thermal sensation, The effect of local and systemic thermal sensation on the acceptability of systemic heat. The results show that in cold radiation environment, the changes of skin temperature and body average skin temperature with air temperature are significant, the heart rate increases with the increase of air temperature, and there is no obvious difference in blood pressure between different working conditions. By analyzing the voting of thermal sensation and thermal comfort, the results show that there are obvious differences in local thermal sensation and local thermal comfort between different parts of human body under the same working condition due to the influence of cold radiation and the difference of human body's local thermal sensation. The difference decreases with the increase in body heat levels. There was no significant difference in heat sensation between head and back in neutral and cold condition but there was significant difference in local heat sensation in hand arm and leg and whole body thermal sensation. By regression analysis, the regression formula between the whole body heat sensation and the whole body skin temperature, the local heat sensation and the local and whole body skin temperature, the heart rate and the whole body heat sensation was obtained. The results show that the PMV prediction model is not suitable for cold radiation environment. A human body thermal response evaluation model suitable for cold radiation environment was established.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R339.55;TU111.2

【参考文献】