微生物的宿主寄生相互作用以及有害因子研究
发布时间：2018-10-20 09:11
【摘要】：微生物是自然界中一大类生物的总称,它们通常是单细胞或多细胞聚集生活。它们的活动广泛而密切地与人类生活关联着。通过寄生或共生的方式,微生物给人类带来了有益或者有害的影响。肠道微生物在人体营养物质的摄取、免疫以及药物代谢等方面起非常重要的作用。同样大量的疾病也由微生物的寄生导致。 本文的研究即围绕微生物对宿主影响的主题。在第一部分中,本文研究了宿主寄生相互作用在基因表达上的现象。本研究由一类寄生虫疾病的研究入手,从基因表达水平研究寄生虫对宿主细胞代谢途径的影响。通过受恶性疟原虫以及微小隐孢子虫感染的宿主细胞基因表达数据的研究,本研究揭示了该类寄生虫对宿主细胞代谢通路的影响。利用富集分析的方法,本研究发现了受到寄生虫影响显著的的宿主代谢通路,其中一些通路所受的寄生虫直接作用已有相关的文献中报道。宿主代谢通路中基因表达的变化从一个侧面反映了寄生虫对宿主内代谢底物的摄取。通过代谢网络中基因表达的变化以及宿主和寄生虫代谢网络拓扑性上的互补,本研究讨论了着两类顶复亚门寄生虫对宿主细胞的作用特性并给出了一个一般性的猜测。 另一方面,本研究搜集了微生物有害因子的基因序列数据,构建了有害因子相关的数据库。由于新一代测序技术的低成本和高通量,测序技术也将广泛利用到微生物研究领域。由核酸序列数据可能成为微生物的研究成本最低也最为广泛使用的数据类型。本研究中构建的数据库以及针对二代测序数据而设计的工作流程可以为提供一个微生物有害因子快速检测的平台,提供微生物在基因水平上的有害性线索。本研究特别提出了有益菌潜在的危害性,搜集了一系列和益生菌潜在危害性相关的基因序列。同时,本研究对危害性的分类做了尝试,给出了不同有害因子可能有害性的评价方法。最后,本研究通过对一组临床微生物样本测序数据的研究,展示了该数据库的在有害菌分类以及有害性评估方面的应用。
[Abstract]:Microbes are a general term for a large group of organisms in nature. They are usually single-celled or multi-celled. Their activities are broadly and closely related to human life. Through parasitism or symbiosis, microbes bring beneficial or harmful effects to human beings. Intestinal microbes play an important role in the uptake of nutrients, immunity and drug metabolism. The same amount of disease is caused by microbial parasitism. This paper focuses on the effects of microbes on the host. In the first part, we studied the phenomenon of host parasitic interaction on gene expression. In this study, the effect of parasite on host cell metabolic pathway was studied from gene expression level. Through the study of gene expression data of host cells infected by Plasmodium falciparum and Cryptosporidium minimus, this study revealed the effect of these parasites on the metabolic pathway of host cells. By means of enrichment analysis, host metabolic pathways affected by parasites were found in this study, and some of them were directly affected by parasites, which have been reported in the literature. The changes of gene expression in host metabolic pathway reflect the uptake of host metabolic substrate by parasites. Based on the changes of gene expression in metabolic networks and the topological complementarities of host and parasite metabolic networks, this study discussed the action characteristics of two classes of apical subphylum parasites on host cells and gave a general conjecture. On the other hand, the gene sequence data of microbial harmful factors were collected, and the database of harmful factors was constructed. Because of the low cost and high throughput of the new generation sequencing technology, sequencing technology will be widely used in the field of microbial research. Nucleic acid sequence data may be the least costly and most widely used data type for microbial research. The database constructed in this study and the workflow designed for the second generation sequencing data can provide a platform for rapid detection of microbial harmful factors and provide clues of microbes' harm at the gene level. In this study, the potential harmfulness of beneficial bacteria was proposed, and a series of gene sequences related to probiotic potential hazards were collected. At the same time, the classification of harmfulness is tried, and the evaluation methods of different harmful factors are given. Finally, the application of the database in the classification and assessment of harmful bacteria was demonstrated through the study of a group of clinical microbial sample sequencing data.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R37
本文编号：2282698
[Abstract]:Microbes are a general term for a large group of organisms in nature. They are usually single-celled or multi-celled. Their activities are broadly and closely related to human life. Through parasitism or symbiosis, microbes bring beneficial or harmful effects to human beings. Intestinal microbes play an important role in the uptake of nutrients, immunity and drug metabolism. The same amount of disease is caused by microbial parasitism. This paper focuses on the effects of microbes on the host. In the first part, we studied the phenomenon of host parasitic interaction on gene expression. In this study, the effect of parasite on host cell metabolic pathway was studied from gene expression level. Through the study of gene expression data of host cells infected by Plasmodium falciparum and Cryptosporidium minimus, this study revealed the effect of these parasites on the metabolic pathway of host cells. By means of enrichment analysis, host metabolic pathways affected by parasites were found in this study, and some of them were directly affected by parasites, which have been reported in the literature. The changes of gene expression in host metabolic pathway reflect the uptake of host metabolic substrate by parasites. Based on the changes of gene expression in metabolic networks and the topological complementarities of host and parasite metabolic networks, this study discussed the action characteristics of two classes of apical subphylum parasites on host cells and gave a general conjecture. On the other hand, the gene sequence data of microbial harmful factors were collected, and the database of harmful factors was constructed. Because of the low cost and high throughput of the new generation sequencing technology, sequencing technology will be widely used in the field of microbial research. Nucleic acid sequence data may be the least costly and most widely used data type for microbial research. The database constructed in this study and the workflow designed for the second generation sequencing data can provide a platform for rapid detection of microbial harmful factors and provide clues of microbes' harm at the gene level. In this study, the potential harmfulness of beneficial bacteria was proposed, and a series of gene sequences related to probiotic potential hazards were collected. At the same time, the classification of harmfulness is tried, and the evaluation methods of different harmful factors are given. Finally, the application of the database in the classification and assessment of harmful bacteria was demonstrated through the study of a group of clinical microbial sample sequencing data.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R37
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1 许涛;微生物的宿主寄生相互作用以及有害因子研究[D];上海交通大学;2011年
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