人肠道微生物对海带岩藻聚糖硫酸酯及其寡糖的降解利用

发布时间：2018-11-07 15:10

【摘要】：采用人肠道微生物体外厌氧发酵技术,研究人肠道微生物对不同分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的降解利用。分别将五个志愿者的肠道微生物接种到以高分子量和低分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯为唯一碳源的培养基中,酵解48h后,采用TLC和PAGE分析分子量变化,PMP-HPLC分析单糖组成变化,GC分析短链脂肪酸的生成情况。结果发现:在人肠道微生物体外降解岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的体系中,岩藻聚糖硫酸酯寡糖和低分子量组分(10—20k Da)含量显著降低,而且酵解产物的单糖组成没有变化,说明被人肠道微生物彻底降解利用;而人肠道微生物对高分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯(20k Da)的降解和利用度很低,产物的半乳糖和甘露糖的比例明显下降。低分子量和高分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯在酵解后均生成短链脂肪酸乙酸、丙酸和丁酸,但在高分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯发酵液中还生成了支链脂肪酸(异丁酸、异戊酸)和戊酸。研究结果表明,人肠道微生物能够彻底降解利用复杂的海带岩藻聚糖硫酸酯寡糖和低分子量组分,但是对高分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的降解率很低。单糖分析说明人肠道微生物能够降解和利用多糖中的所有单糖,产生有利于肠道健康的短链脂肪酸,但是只有低分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯能够抑制支链脂肪酸生成。
[Abstract]:In vitro anaerobic fermentation of human intestinal microbes was used to study the degradation and utilization of different molecular weight fucosan-sulfate by human intestinal microbes. The intestinal microbes of five volunteers were inoculated into the medium with high molecular weight and low molecular weight fucosan-sulfate as the sole carbon source. After 48 hours of fermentation, the molecular weight changes were analyzed by TLC and PAGE, and the changes of monosaccharide composition were analyzed by PMP-HPLC. The formation of short chain fatty acids was analyzed by GC. The results showed that the content of fucoidan sulfate oligosaccharide and low molecular weight fraction (10-20k Da) decreased significantly in the system of degradation of fucosan-sulfate by human intestinal microorganism in vitro, and the monosaccharide composition of the glycolysis product did not change. It shows that it is completely degraded and utilized by human intestinal microorganism. However, the degradation and utilization of high molecular weight alginan sulfate (20k Da) by human intestinal microorganism was very low, and the proportion of galactose and mannose decreased obviously. Both low molecular weight and high molecular weight fucosan-sulfate produced short chain fatty acid acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid after fermenting, but branched fatty acids (isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid) and valeric acid were also formed in the fermentation broth of high molecular weight fucosan-sulfate. The results showed that human intestinal microbes could completely degrade the complex kelp fucosan-sulfate oligosaccharides and low molecular weight components, but the degradation rate of high molecular weight fucosan-sulfate was very low. Monosaccharide analysis showed that human intestinal microbes could degrade and utilize all monosaccharides from polysaccharides and produce short-chain fatty acids that were beneficial to intestinal health, but only low-molecular-weight fucosan-sulfate could inhibit the formation of branched fatty acids.
【作者单位】：中国海洋大学食品科学与工程学院;中国海洋大学海洋生命学院;
【基金】：山东省重点研发计划,2015GSF115028号海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目,201505022号国家自然科学基金委-山东省海洋科学研究联合基金,U1406402号
【分类号】：R37

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