下颌骨髁突支架的个体化设计与初步构建

发布时间：2019-01-04 13:29

【摘要】：第一部分基于CT图像的下颌骨髁突支架的个体化设计研究目的探索运用医学图像处理和逆向工程技术相结合的方法来个体化设计下颌骨髁突支架负模,为组织工程构建下颌骨髁突支架提供一种有效的技术手段。研究方法以CT扫描的影像资料作为数据源,利用Mimics软件获取一侧下颌支形状的数据,并以.STL格式输入到Solidworks软件中进行编辑,最终获得下颌骨髁突支架的负型模具文件。研究结果 1.一侧下颌支三维模型的建立将头颅CT影像资料以DICOM格式输入到三维重建软件Mimics 8.1中,进行阈值选取、区域增长等操作,重建出一侧下颌支三维模型,并以.STL格式输出。 2.下颌骨髁突支架负型模具的生成利用Solidworks 2010中的"scan to 3D"模块来处理下颌支三维模型的网格数据,最后生成实体模型。通过“型腔”命令来完成下颌骨髁突支架负模的构建,通过“分割”命令将髁突支架负模切割为三部分,并以.STL格式输出。研究结论基于头颅CT影像资料,利用三维重建软件Mimics 8.1获得一侧下颌支三维模型的网格数据,再利用机械设计软件Solidworks 2010对获得的网格数据进行整理、编辑,并获取所需的三维特征曲线,最终通过三维曲面表达出下颌骨髁突负模的模具模型。第二部分基于快速成型技术的下颌骨髁突支架的初步构建研究目的探讨运用快速成型技术与模具内浇注的方法制造具有双相支架复合材料的下颌骨髁突支架,为下颌骨髁突支架的生成提供一种方法。研究方法将Solidworks 2010中获取的下颌骨髁突支架负模的模具文件输入到objet studio软件中,进行模型的放置,调整好后发送到job manager中进行三维打印,将得到的树脂模具去除支撑材料得到实体模具,对模具进行固定,下层浇注胶原材料,中层浇注PLGA,上层浇注磷酸钙骨水泥和PLGA微球体。固化后去除树脂模具得到双相下颌骨髁突模型,通过扫描电镜观察其微观结构。研究结果通过快速成型技术获得了下颌骨髁突支架负模的树脂模型,通过生物材料浇注获得了一体化的双相下颌骨髁突支架结构。通过电镜扫描证实下颌骨髁突支架生物材料具有双相结构。研究结论快速成型技术与医学影像技术、计算机辅助设计技术以及材料学等新兴技术相结合,可以获取并重建出下颌骨髁突的外部轮廓及其双相结构,实现了下颌骨髁突支架制造的个体化,为骨组织工程更好地向临床过渡奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Part one: individualized design of mandibular condylar stents based on CT images objective to explore the application of medical image processing and reverse engineering to individualize the design of mandibular condylar stents. To provide an effective technique for the construction of mandibular condylar scaffolds by tissue engineering. Methods the data of mandibular branch shape of one side were obtained by Mimics software with CT scanning image data as data source, and were input into Solidworks software with. STL format for editing. Finally, the negative mould file of mandibular condylar scaffold was obtained. Results 1. The 3D model of unilateral mandibular branch was established. The CT image data of one side of mandible were input into the 3D reconstruction software Mimics 8.1 in DICOM format, and the threshold was selected and the region was increased. The 3D model of mandibular branch of one side was reconstructed. And output in. STL format. 2. The generation of negative mold for mandibular condylar stents uses the "scan to 3D" module in Solidworks 2010 to process the mesh data of the mandibular branch 3D model, and finally to generate the solid model. The negative mold of the mandibular condyle is constructed by the "cavity" command, and the negative mold of the condylar stent is cut into three parts by the "split" command, which is output in the form of. STL. Conclusion based on the cranial CT image data, the 3D reconstruction software Mimics 8.1 was used to obtain the grid data of the mandibular branch 3D model, and the mechanical design software Solidworks 2010 was used to collate and edit the obtained grid data. Finally, the mold model of the negative model of the mandibular condyle is expressed by the 3D surface. Part two the preliminary construction of mandibular condylar scaffolds based on rapid prototyping objective to investigate the fabrication of composite materials with biphasic scaffolds using rapid prototyping and mold casting Mandibular condylar stents, To provide a method for the formation of mandibular condylar stents. Methods the mold file of the negative model of mandibular condyle bracket obtained from Solidworks 2010 was input into objet studio software, and then the model was placed, adjusted and sent to job manager for 3D printing. The solid mould was obtained by removing the supporting material from the resin mould, the mould was fixed, the lower layer was poured with collagen material, and the middle layer of PLGA, was poured into the upper layer of calcium phosphate cement and PLGA microsphere. A biphasic mandibular condyle model was obtained by removing the resin mould after curing and the microstructure of the model was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results the resin model of the mandibular condyle scaffold was obtained by rapid prototyping, and the biphasic mandibular condyle scaffold structure was obtained by biomaterial pouring. The biphasic structure of mandibular condylar scaffold was confirmed by electron microscope scanning. Conclusion the combination of rapid prototyping and medical imaging, computer-aided design, materials science and other emerging technologies can obtain and reconstruct the external contour and biphasic structure of mandibular condyle. The individualization of mandibular condyle scaffolds was realized, which laid the foundation for better transition of bone tissue engineering to clinical.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R322

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