患者来源肿瘤异种移植模型研究的新进展

发布时间：2019-02-09 11:25

【摘要】：患者来源的肿瘤异种移植(patient-derived tumor xenografts,PDTX)模型,因其较好地保留了原代肿瘤的遗传、分子、形态结构等方面的特征,维持了肿瘤干细胞的特性,能反映患者肿瘤的遗传多样性,并且在对治疗的反应性上也与患者保持较高的一致性,现已越来越多地被应用于临床前期研究。近年来,NSG(NOD/Lt Sz-Prkdc~(scid)Il2rg~(tm1)Wjl/J)、NOG(NOD.Cg-Prkdc~(scid)IL2rg~(tm1Sug)/Jic Crl)和NCG(NOD-Prkdc~(em26Cd52)Il2rg~(em26Cd22)/Nju)等免疫缺陷小鼠的研发成功,推动了新一代PDTX模型研究的快速发展。由于新一代PDTX模型建立所需样本量小,经过冷冻的组织与新鲜组织成瘤率无明显差异,为一些难以获取大量样本的肿瘤组织提供了研究材料。笔者对近年来PDTX模型用于个性化治疗方案的筛选制定、药物的临床前研究、肿瘤耐药机制的研究、肿瘤标志物及敏感指标的筛选、肿瘤微环境的研究以及患者预后的评估等的发展现状作一综述。
[Abstract]:The tumor xenotransplantation (patient-derived tumor xenografts,PDTX) model derived from patients retains the genetic, molecular, morphological and structural characteristics of primary tumors, thus maintaining the characteristics of tumor stem cells. It can reflect the genetic diversity of patients with tumor and maintain a high consistency with patients in response to treatment. It has been increasingly used in preclinical studies. In recent years, NSG (NOD/Lt Sz-Prkdc~ (scid) Il2rg~ (tm1) Wjl/J), NOG (NOD.Cg-Prkdc~ (scid) IL2rg~ (tm1Sug) / Jic Crl) and NCG (NOD-Prkdc~) Il2rg~ (em26Cd22) / Nju have been successfully developed. It promotes the rapid development of the new generation of PDTX model research. Due to the small sample size required for the establishment of the new generation PDTX model, there is no significant difference in tumor formation rate between frozen tissue and fresh tissue, which provides research materials for some tumor tissues which are difficult to obtain a large number of samples. In recent years, the PDTX model was used in the screening of individualized therapy, the preclinical study of drugs, the mechanism of tumor resistance, the screening of tumor markers and sensitive indexes. The research of tumor microenvironment and the evaluation of prognosis are reviewed.
【作者单位】：南京中医药大学附属江苏省中医院肿瘤科;南京中医药大学附属江苏省中医院血液科;南京中医药大学附属江苏省中医院中心实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81673771) 江苏高校优势学科建设工程二期资助项目(No.035062002003c)~~
【分类号】：R-332;R730

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