热处理精子对受精、胚胎发育及表观遗传学影响研究
发布时间:2019-05-26 22:54
【摘要】:背景:哺乳动物精子染色质高度凝聚因而对化学和物理性变化的抵抗性相对较大。本研究的目的是探索精子可以保持受精能力和支持胚胎发育并出生健康活体小鼠所能经受热处理的极限。并且对来源于热处理精子的胚胎进行表观遗传学修饰的检测,判断热处理精子后早期胚胎的表观遗传学是否发生改变。并阐明热处理精子后出现受精率低下,胚胎发育不良,囊胚形成率低下和种植率低的原因。 方法:将小鼠精子分别在50、65、80和95℃水浴中热处理30min,随后用卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)技术将精子注射入小鼠卵子,联合氯化锶人工激活卵子。对这些卵子的受精、胚胎发育和1-细胞期核型都做了观察。使用免疫荧光染色技术评估起源于热处理原核期胚胎表观遗传的修饰,包括DNA甲基化和组蛋白H3K4-三甲基化。同时应用免疫荧光染色技术对起源于热处理(65℃,30min)精子的各期胚胎的表观遗传学各个指标包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白H4K12乙酰化、组蛋白H3K9-三甲基化、组蛋白H3K27-三甲基化进行检测。 结果:小鼠精子对卵子的激活能力对热敏感。在不经过人工卵子激活的情况下50-C热处理的精子,20%仍然可以激活卵子;80℃热处理的精子则失去了激活卵子能力。然而,如果卵子被人工激活,在80℃热处理30min的精子仍然可以使之受精并产生后代,95℃热处理的精子在ICSI之后失去染色质解聚能力。一旦热处理精子的核发育成为雄原核,雄原核将经历正常的DNA主动去甲基化和组蛋白三甲基化。当热处理温度从50℃升到95℃,染色体异常几率从16.3%上升到100%。热处理精子产生胚胎各个时期的DNA甲基化,组蛋白H4K12乙酰化、组蛋白H3K9-三甲基化和来源于新鲜精子的胚胎一样均出现在各个时期的动态重塑,但两组之间无明显的差异,但是囊胚期出现组蛋白H3K27-三甲基化重塑异常。 结论:精子激活卵子的能力呈温度依赖性,超过一定的温度处理精子,精子的卵子激活能力丧失。在无人工卵子激活的情况下65℃,30min处理三十分钟仍有少数精子保持受精能力。精子经过人工激活可以挽救精子激活卵子能力,但是精子染色体完整性对温度的敏感性呈温度依赖性,高温破坏精子的染色体的完整性。精子能忍受并且能产出后代的最高温度是80℃。同时高温处理精子产生胚胎出现组蛋白H3K27-三甲基化重塑异常。染色体完整性破坏和表观遗传学重塑缺陷是导致胚胎发育和种植率低下的原因。本研究结果可以为阻断经精子传播HIV病毒提供全新的思路。
[Abstract]:Background: mammal sperm chromatin is highly condensed and therefore resistant to chemical and physical changes. The purpose of this study was to explore the limits to which sperm can maintain their ability to fertilize and support embryonic development and the ability of healthy live mice to undergo heat treatment. The epigenetic modification of embryos derived from heat-treated spermatozoa was carried out to determine whether the epigenetics of early embryos changed after heat-treated spermatozoa. The causes of low fertilizing rate, poor embryo development, low blastocyst formation rate and low implantation rate after heat treatment of spermatozoa were clarified. Methods: the mouse spermatozoa were heat-treated in water bath at 50 鈩,
本文编号:2485701
[Abstract]:Background: mammal sperm chromatin is highly condensed and therefore resistant to chemical and physical changes. The purpose of this study was to explore the limits to which sperm can maintain their ability to fertilize and support embryonic development and the ability of healthy live mice to undergo heat treatment. The epigenetic modification of embryos derived from heat-treated spermatozoa was carried out to determine whether the epigenetics of early embryos changed after heat-treated spermatozoa. The causes of low fertilizing rate, poor embryo development, low blastocyst formation rate and low implantation rate after heat treatment of spermatozoa were clarified. Methods: the mouse spermatozoa were heat-treated in water bath at 50 鈩,
本文编号:2485701
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