CEA乳腺特异性表达载体的构建及其瞬时表达

发布时间：2018-01-01 17:45

本文关键词：CEA乳腺特异性表达载体的构建及其瞬时表达　出处：《郑州大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：21世纪，癌症发病率和病死率持续增高，其已成为人类健康最大的威胁之一。随着肿瘤学基础与临床研究的不断深入，从事肿瘤研究的专业人员们不断探索新理论、新技术、新方法。癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen，CEA)是一种位于肿瘤细胞质膜表面的膜结合蛋白，是一种最常见的肿瘤相关抗原和目前国际上公认的肿瘤标记物。CEA基因定位于19q13.1-13.2，有9个外显子8个内含子，分子量约为180kDa，为免疫球蛋白超家族的成员。CEA有9个抗原决定簇，是一种富含多糖的蛋白复合物，其中40％为蛋白质，60％为碳水化合物。其主要在肝脏被分解。早期胎儿的胃肠管及某些组织细胞均有合成CEA的能力，孕6个月以后，CEA合成量逐渐减少，出生后血中含量极低，但在不少恶性肿瘤患者的血清中则可发现CEA含量异常升高。因此作为重要的监测指标，癌胚抗原的监测在癌症治疗中被广泛应用，而癌胚抗原的肿瘤相关性也被多种肿瘤基因治疗方案所采用。 CEA在很多腺体肿瘤中均能大量表达，与CEA相关的肿瘤如结肠癌、肺癌、乳腺癌和胃癌等在癌症死亡中均占有很大比例。CEA对结直肠癌各期的敏感性虽有不同，但总体来说可达40％～50％(特异性为95％时)，，对胆管癌的敏感性也可达50％左右，所以一般把CEA作为消化道恶性肿瘤，尤其是肠癌的常用肿瘤标志物，并且它对肾、肺、乳腺、卵巢、子宫及其他许多器官的恶性病变也都有较高的敏感性，因此在临床上又常常把它作为乳腺癌、胃癌及肺癌的第二标志物。有CEA表达的肿瘤称为CEA阳性肿瘤，CEA阳性肿瘤在世界各地的发病率都很高，是一类严重危害人类健康的常见肿瘤。目前，针对CEA阳性肿瘤的发病机制，该类肿瘤的基因治疗越来越受到人们的重视。转基因动物是运用基因工程手段，通过受精卵或胚胎干细胞的基因转移，将外源重组基因稳定的整合入
[Abstract]:In 21th century, the incidence and mortality of cancer have been increasing, which has become one of the greatest threats to human health. Cancer research professionals continue to explore new theories, new technologies, new methods, carcinoembryonic antigens (CEA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). CEA) is a membrane binding protein located on the plasma membrane of tumor cells. It is the most common tumor-associated antigen and the internationally recognized tumor marker. CEA gene is located in 19q13.1-13.2. there are 9 exons and 8 introns. The molecular weight is about 180kDa.CEA, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, has nine antigenic determinants and is a protein complex rich in polysaccharides, of which 40% are proteins. 60% is a carbohydrate. It is mainly decomposed in the liver. The gastrointestinal tract and some tissue cells of the early fetus have the ability to synthesize CEA. After 6 months of gestation, the amount of CEA synthesis decreases gradually. The blood content is very low after birth, but it can be found in the serum of many malignant tumor patients with abnormal increase. Therefore, as an important monitoring index, carcinoembryonic antigen monitoring is widely used in cancer treatment. Tumor correlation of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has also been used in various tumor gene therapy schemes. CEA is highly expressed in many glandular tumors, such as colon cancer and lung cancer associated with CEA. Breast cancer and gastric cancer account for a large proportion of cancer deaths. CEA has different sensitivity to each stage of colorectal cancer, but generally it can reach 40% (specificity is 95%). The sensitivity of cholangiocarcinoma can reach about 50%, so CEA is generally regarded as a common tumor marker of gastrointestinal malignant tumor, especially intestinal cancer, and it is used to kidney, lung, mammary gland and ovary. The malignant lesions of uterus and many other organs are also highly sensitive, so it is often used as the second marker of breast cancer, gastric cancer and lung cancer. The incidence of CEA positive tumors called CEA positive tumors is very high all over the world. It is a common tumor that seriously endangers human health. In view of the pathogenesis of CEA positive tumors, gene therapy of these tumors has been paid more and more attention. Transgenic animals are transferred through fertilized eggs or embryonic stem cells by means of genetic engineering. Stable Integration of exogenous Recombinant genes
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R329

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