外周血单个核细胞的长期体外培养及丙型肝炎病毒细胞模型的建立

发布时间：2018-01-12 01:29

本文关键词：外周血单个核细胞的长期体外培养及丙型肝炎病毒细胞模型的建立　出处：《山东大学》2005年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：背景丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)是输血后非甲非乙型肝炎的主要病因,而丙型肝炎也是一种全球性的传染性肝病。急性丙型肝炎患者中,有超过50-85%的患者将发展成为慢性丙型肝炎,如果病情进一步进展还将发展为肝硬化和肝细胞肝癌。据美国疾病预防与控制中心统计,约20%至30%的慢性丙型肝炎患者最终将出现致命的临床症状和并发症。据专家预测,在今后的10-20年内,由于目前无症状或轻症患者将发展成为终末期肝病甚至肝癌,慢性丙型肝炎将成为医疗卫生保障系统的主要负担之一。1989年,人们首次应用分子生物学技术识别了丙型肝炎病毒基因组。但是,到目前为止,仍然没有建立理想的丙型肝炎病毒细胞模型。虽然,人们对丙型肝炎病毒基因结构和单独病毒蛋白的认识不断增加,但是由于缺乏这种可靠和有效的病毒培养系统,丙型肝炎病毒复制和致病机制的研究均受到了很大限制。同时,关于丙型肝炎疫苗和有效治疗方法的研究也无法进行。丙型肝炎病毒能够感染淋巴细胞源性细胞,特别是人外周血单个核细胞(human peripheral blood mononuclear cells,PBMC)。但是,PBMC属于正常的体细胞,其生存期有限,不能够用于长期的观察和研究。如果用正常PBMC来建立体外长期培养的丙型肝炎病毒细胞模型,就必须延长PBMC的生存期。真核细胞的染色体决定了该细胞的基因型,染色体的末端结构被称为端粒。胚胎细胞具有较长的染色体,而衰老细胞的端粒则短得多。在大多数人类体细胞内,端粒随着细胞的每一次分裂而不断缩短,最终导致染色体失去其稳定性,细胞进入衰老期。在微生物和肿瘤细胞内,存在
[Abstract]:Background Hepatitis C virus hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the main cause of non-A hepatitis B after blood transfusion. Hepatitis C is also a global infectious liver disease. More than 50-85% of patients with acute hepatitis C will develop chronic hepatitis C. If the disease progresses further, it will develop into cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Some 20% to 30% patients with chronic hepatitis C will eventually develop fatal clinical symptoms and complications. Experts predict that in the next 10-20 years. Chronic hepatitis C will become one of the major burdens of the health care system as a result of the development of asymptomatic or mild disease patients into end-stage liver disease or even liver cancer. 1989. For the first time, molecular biological techniques have been used to identify the genome of hepatitis C. however, no ideal hepatitis C virus cell model has been established so far. There is a growing awareness of the genetic structure and individual viral proteins of hepatitis C virus, but there is a lack of such a reliable and effective virus culture system. The study of the replication and pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus has been greatly restricted. At the same time. Studies on hepatitis C vaccines and effective treatments have also failed. Hepatitis C virus can infect lymphocyte-derived cells. Human peripheral blood, especially human peripheral blood mononuclear cells But mononuclear cells belong to normal somatic cells and their survival time is limited. If normal PBMC is used to establish the model of hepatitis C virus cells in vitro, the survival time of PBMC must be prolonged. The chromosome of eukaryotic cell determines the genotype of the cell. The terminal structure of chromosome is called telomere. The embryo cell has long chromosome. In most human somatic cells, telomeres are shortened with each cell division, resulting in chromosomes losing their stability. Cells enter the aging phase. They are present in microbes and tumor cells.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R373.2

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