大鼠脂肪干细胞诱导为成骨细胞三维立体培养的实验研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 09:32

本文关键词：大鼠脂肪干细胞诱导为成骨细胞三维立体培养的实验研究　出处：《山东大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究背景因创伤、肿瘤、感染等各种原因造成的牙槽骨及颌骨缺损、缺失临床上十分常见，目前常用的修复方法有自体骨移植、异体或异种骨移植、人工合成代用品等，但这些方法都存在着各自的不足，如供体来源不足、免疫排斥反应等，不能完全满足临床需要。随着细胞生物学的迅猛发展和组织工程理论的日臻完善，组织工程技术为颌骨缺损修复开辟了全新的途径。骨组织工程的基本原理是：取少量的种子细胞，将其体外扩增达到需要的数量后种植于天然的或人工合成的具有良好生物相容性和生物降解性的细胞外基质材料上，经过三维立体培养，形成细胞生物材料复合物后回植体内，支架材料上的细胞继续生长、增殖，分泌细胞外基质(ECM)形成骨组织，而支架材料逐步降解，达到修复骨缺损和重建功能的目的。骨组织工程由种子细胞，，支架材料(ECM)，细胞／支架复合体的构建三个关键因素组成。选择来源丰富、容易扩增的理想的种子细胞是骨组织工程研究的重点及前提。目前组织工程种子细胞的研究主要集中在胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cells，ESC)和成体干细胞(adult stem cells，ASC)。胚胎干细胞存在着伦理、法律及免疫排斥反应等问题，目前难以用于临床。骨髓基质干细胞(bone marrow stromal cells，BMSCs)是至今研究得最为广泛的成体干细胞之一。体内、体外实验均证明，BMSCs具有多向分化潜能，在不同的诱导环境下能向成骨细胞、脂肪细胞、软骨细胞、肌肉细胞、神经细胞及心肌细胞等定向分化；BMSCs在体外扩
[Abstract]:Research background Alveolar bone and jaw defects caused by trauma, tumor, infection and other reasons are very common in clinic. At present, autogenous bone transplantation, allogeneic or allogeneic bone transplantation are commonly used to repair the defects. Synthetic substitutes and so on, but these methods have their own shortcomings, such as insufficient donor sources, immune rejection and so on. With the rapid development of cell biology and the improvement of tissue engineering theory, tissue engineering technology has opened up a new way for the repair of jaw defects. The basic principle of bone tissue engineering is to take a small number of seed cells. After amplification in vitro to the required amount, it was planted on natural or synthetic extracellular matrix materials with good biocompatibility and biodegradability. After the formation of cellular biomaterial complex, the cells on the scaffold material continued to grow, proliferate, secrete extracellular matrix ECM) to form bone tissue, and the scaffold material gradually degraded. Bone tissue engineering consists of three key factors: seed cells, scaffold material ECM, and cell / scaffold complex construction. There are plenty of sources of choice. The ideal seed cells that can be amplified easily are the focus and premise of bone tissue engineering. At present, the research of seed cells in tissue engineering is mainly focused on embryonic stem cells (. Embryonic stem cells. ESCs and adult stem cells. There are ethical, legal and immune rejection problems in embryonic stem cells. At present, it is difficult to use in clinic. Bone marrow stromal cells. BMSCs is one of the most widely studied adult stem cells. In vivo and in vitro experiments have proved that BMSCs have the potential to differentiate into osteoblasts in different induced environments. Adipocytes, chondrocytes, muscle cells, nerve cells and cardiomyocytes were differentiated. BMSCs expansion in vitro
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R329.2

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