T-2毒素抗独特型多抗的制备及无毒ELISA定量检测试剂盒的初步研制

发布时间：2018-03-13 19:11

本文选题：T-2毒素　切入点：抗独特型抗体　出处：《郑州大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：背景：T-2毒素属于单端孢霉烯族化合物中的A族，，是该类化合物中毒性最强、污染水平较高的毒素之一，主要是由三线镰刀菌，梨孢镰刀菌，拟枝孢镰刀菌和木贼镰刀菌等霉菌产生。T-2毒素主要污染小麦、玉米、大麦、燕麦和黑麦等谷物及麦芽、啤酒和面包等农产品。关于T-2毒素污染情况的报道，大多集中于对谷物和饲料的调查。据文献报道，T-2毒素在各洲的谷物中广泛存在。国内报道在大骨节病区小麦、玉米及非病区小麦、大米中均有检出。结合国外资料，认为T-2毒素在全世界不同地区，对不同谷物均有一定程度的污染。在动物实验中，T-2毒素对动物显示了比较明确的免疫毒性及血液毒性，可抑制DNA、RNA及蛋白质合成，诱导细胞凋亡，引起白细胞缺乏等。人类误食了大量污染该类毒素的谷物后，除表现呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等急性症状外，可有白细胞缺乏，坏死性咽峡炎，骨髓发育不良，食管和胃严重坏死等，病死率高(死亡率高达50％-60％)。二战期间前西伯利亚阿穆尔地区，数千人因进食了被镰刀菌污染的越冬小麦而发生食物中毒，在后来的产毒试验中，发现了高水平的T-2毒素；我国的安徽、河南两省在1991年因洪涝灾害而引起霉变小麦中毒，当时在采集的48份样品中，47份均检出T-2毒素，平均含量在255.9～671.6ppb之间，最高值可达1064.6ppb。此外，T-2毒素还与我国某些地区食管癌、克山病和大骨节病的高发病率有着密切的关系。近几十年，T-2毒素还被作为生物战剂用于战争中。目前，检测粮谷类食品和饲料中T-2毒素的方法主要有薄层色谱法(TLC)、液相色谱法(LC)、气相色谱法(GC)、气质联用(GC-MS)、酶联免疫吸附测
[Abstract]:Background: T-2 toxin belongs to group A of monosporin compounds. It is one of the most toxic and highly polluted toxins in this kind of compounds. It is mainly composed of Fusarium triticum and Fusarium pirifera. Fungi such as Fusarium cyclosporum and Fusarium przewalskii mainly pollute cereals such as wheat, corn, barley, oats and rye, as well as agricultural products such as malt, beer and bread. Most of them focus on the investigation of grain and feed. According to the literature, it is reported that T-2 toxin is widely found in cereals of all continents. Domestic reports have been found in wheat, maize and wheat and rice in Kashin-Beck disease area. It is considered that T-2 toxin pollutes different grains in different regions of the world. In animal experiments, T-2 toxin showed specific immunotoxicity and blood toxicity to animals, which could inhibit the synthesis of DNA RNA and protein, induce cell apoptosis, cause leukocyte deficiency, etc. In addition to symptoms such as vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other acute symptoms, there may be leukopenia, necrotic spondylitis, dysplasia of bone marrow, severe necrosis of the esophagus and stomach, etc. The mortality rate is high (the mortality rate is as high as 50-60%). Before World War II, the Amour region of Siberia, Thousands of people suffered from food poisoning due to eating winter wheat contaminated by Fusarium, and a high level of T-2 toxin was found in subsequent toxicity tests. In 1991, two provinces of Anhui and Henan provinces in China were poisoned by mildew due to floods. T-2 toxin was detected in 47 of the 48 samples collected at that time, the average content was between 255.9 and 671.6 ppb, and the highest value was 1064.6 ppb. in addition, T-2 toxin was also detected in some regions of China. Keshan disease is closely related to the high incidence of Kaschin-Beck disease. T-2 toxin has been used as a biological warfare agent in recent decades. At present, the main methods to detect T-2 toxin in cereals and cereals are TLC, LC, GC, GC, GC-MSG, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa).
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R392

【引证文献】