多巴胺对大鼠远端结肠粘膜离子转运的调节

发布时间：2018-03-15 09:32

本文选题：多巴胺　切入点：结肠粘膜　出处：《郑州大学》2005年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：背景与目的多巴胺(dopamine,DA)是儿茶酚胺类神经递质,由酪氨酸在酪氨酸羟化酶的作用下经多巴合成。它不仅是中枢神经系统的重要神经递质,也是胃肠功能活动的重要调控因子。DA受体为细胞膜受体,属于G-蛋白耦联的受体(G protein-coupled receptor,GPCR)家族,主要分为两种亚型——D_1型(DA-1)和D_2型(DA-2),包括5种亚型基因——2种D_1型基因(D_1和D_5,在鼠体内称为D1A和D1B)及3种D_2型基因(D_2、D_3和D_4)。这些受体亚型广泛分布于脑及外周器官,如心脏、血管、颈动脉体、肾脏、肾上腺、甲状旁腺和消化道等。它们在肢体运动、血流调节、胃肠运动和分泌、粘膜“防御”和胰腺外分泌等功能调节中都发挥着重要的作用。当器官组织中DA的含量和/或DA受体的表达等异常时,机体将出现一系列的病理改变或/和功能异常,如帕金森氏病(Parkinson's disease,PD)、原发性高血压、胃肠功能紊乱等。PD消化系统的主要症状有长期便秘和吞咽困难,而便秘不仅是此病的常见症状,还是其早期症状。有研究表明,长期便秘的PD病人肠神经系统的多巴胺能神经元减少,结肠蠕动减慢,位相性直肠收缩减弱。这些实验结果都提示PD便秘与DA的调控异常有关。关于DA对肠粘膜离子转运的影响,至今研究甚少,且仅有的结果也大相径庭。所以,本实验观察并探讨了DA在大鼠远端结肠粘膜离子转运中的作用与机制,希望
[Abstract]:Background & objective dopamine (DA) is a catecholamine-like neurotransmitter synthesized by tyrosine in the presence of tyrosine hydroxylase. It is not only an important neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). DA receptor is cell membrane receptor, which belongs to G protein coupled receptor G protein-coupled. The receptor GPCRR) family, mainly divided into two subtypes, DStut1) and DStud (D2), including five subtypes, two kinds of D5, D1 and D5, are called D1A and D1B in mice, and three types of D2, D2D3 and D4T. These receptor subtypes are widely distributed in the brain and peripheral organs, such as the heart, Blood vessels, carotid bodies, kidneys, adrenal glands, parathyroid glands, digestive tract, etc. They are in limb motion, blood flow regulation, gastrointestinal motility and secretion, The mucosal "defense" and pancreatic exocrine play an important role in regulation. When the content of DA and / or the expression of DA receptor in organs are abnormal, a series of pathological changes or / and functional abnormalities will occur in the body. For example, Parkinsonian disease of Parkinson's disease, primary hypertension, gastrointestinal dysfunction, etc., the main symptoms of the digestive system of PD are chronic constipation and dysphagia, which is not only a common symptom of the disease, but also an early symptom. In PD patients with chronic constipation, the dopaminergic neurons in the enteric nervous system decreased, the colonic peristalsis slowed down, and the contractile position of the rectum decreased. These results suggest that PD constipation is related to the abnormal regulation of DA. The effect of DA on ion transport in intestinal mucosa is seldom studied, and the results are quite different. Therefore, the effect and mechanism of DA on ion transport in distal colonic mucosa of rats were observed and discussed in this experiment.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R33

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