人骨髓间充质干细胞向角膜上皮干细胞分化的初步研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 17:44

本文选题：人骨髓间充质干细胞　切入点：人角膜上皮干细胞　出处：《中国医科大学》2005年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的骨髓间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)是存在于骨髓中的成体干细胞群,具有高度自我更新能力和多向分化潜能。虽然目前人们还没有发现MSCs高度特异的表面标记抗原,但其表面有多种特异性抗原,以及多种细胞因子和生长因子受体的表达。如SH-2、CD29、CD44、CD71、CD90、CD106、CD120a、Stro-1等,其中作为造血细胞典型的表面抗原CS45、CD34和CD14呈阴性表达。 MSCs的多向分化潜能已经在很多体内外试验中得到验证。2002年,Poulsom等发现MSCs可分化为机体三个胚层几乎所有的组织,包括:脑、肝、肾、脾、骨、血液、视网膜、皮肤等等,这种强大的分化能力远远超出了人们的想象。MSCs的这一特性,暗示人们它在机体组织损伤修复过程中具有潜在的重大应用价值。正常角膜表面由角膜上皮所覆盖,表层上皮细胞的不断脱落和基底层细胞的不断增殖处于一种动态平衡状态。研究发现这一动态平衡的维持有赖于角膜缘基底层的一种成体干细胞——角膜上皮干细胞(Corneal epithelial stem cells,CESCs)。CESCs是角膜上皮细胞脱落更新的源泉,它通过自身的增殖和分化,引起邻近上皮细胞的向心性移动,使脱落死亡的细胞不断得以补充,从而维持了整个眼表结构和功能的完整。虽然人们认为角膜缘基底处的某些细胞是干细胞,但目前还没有发现CESCs的特异性标记物。在实验和临床工作中较为常用方法是,利用CK3和CK19免疫组化染色法对CESCs进行标记。当角膜缘受损,引起CESCs缺乏或功能缺陷时,就会发生持续性角膜上皮糜烂,角膜结膜上皮化,新生血管长入和假性翼状胬肉形成等一系列病理改变,给患者带来巨大的痛苦,甚至最终导致失明。随着CESCs理论研
[Abstract]:Purpose. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a group of adult stem cells in bone marrow with high self-renewal ability and multi-differentiation potential, although no highly specific surface marker antigen of MSCs has been found. However, there were many specific antigens on its surface, as well as the expression of various cytokines and growth factor receptors, such as SH-2G CD29 CD4T, CD71T, CD90, CD106, CD120a Stro-1 and so on. Among them, CS45 CD34 and CD14, typical surface antigens of hematopoietic cells, were negative. In 2002, Poulsom et al found that MSCs can differentiate into almost all the tissues of the body, including brain, liver, kidney, spleen, bone, blood, retina, skin and so on. This strong ability of differentiation is far beyond the characteristics of human imagination, implying that it has great potential application value in the process of tissue damage repair. The surface of the normal cornea is covered by the corneal epithelium. The continuous exfoliation of surface epithelial cells and the continuous proliferation of basal layer cells are in a dynamic equilibrium state. It has been found that the maintenance of this dynamic balance depends on a kind of adult stem cell in the basal layer of the limbus cornea epithelium. Corneal epithelial stem cells are the source of corneal epithelial cells exfoliation and renewal. Through its own proliferation and differentiation, it causes the adjoining epithelial cells to move toward the center, so that the cells that fall off and die can be replenished. Although it is believed that some of the cells at the corneal limbal base are stem cells, no specific marker of CESCs has yet been found. CK3 and CK19 immunohistochemical staining were used to label CESCs. When the limbus is damaged and CESCs is deficient or defective, a series of pathological changes, such as persistent corneal epithelial erosion, corneal conjunctival epithelialization, neovascularization and pseudopterygium formation, will cause great pain to the patients. And eventually lead to blindness. With the CESCs theory,
【学位授予单位】：中国医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R329.2

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