输尿管解剖学观测及其盆段CT解剖学研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 06:37

本文选题：输尿管狭窄　切入点：输尿管盆段　出处：《青岛大学》2005年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的:探讨输尿管狭窄及输尿管盆段在CT横断层面上的影像学定位,为输尿管的解剖学研究积累资料,为输尿管盆段的横断层影像学定位诊断提供依据。方法:解剖30例国人成人尸体标本(男20例,女10例)的输尿管,观察输尿管狭窄的数目和位置,测量狭窄处的管腔内径。选男女各30例增强扫描后的盆段CT横断层片,测量输尿管与髂血管和腰、骶椎的位置和距离。结果:各段输尿管形态多样,大致分为四种类型:①上宽下窄型;②上窄下宽型:③两端狭窄,中间膨大型;④两端膨大,中间狭窄型。输尿管狭窄的程度依次为膀胱壁内段输尿管末段输尿管中段输尿管近段。输尿管第一狭窄50%位于肾盂输尿管移行区,50%位于近段输尿管。盆段输尿管CT断层测量结果:第一、二、三层面,输尿管自髂总动脉后外侧逐渐靠近髂血管,位置移至髂血管的前或前外侧。在第二断层右侧,女性输尿管与髂外动脉的距离小于男性,有明显的差异(P0.01)。左侧女性输尿管与髂外动脉的方位比男性偏外侧,而男性位置偏前,有显著性差异(P0.01)。在第三断层中,男、女右侧输尿管与髂血管的方位和距离均有差异(P0.05,P0.01)。在第四断层中,男女输尿管与髂外动脉之间的方位左、右侧均有差异(P0.05,P0.01)。在第五、六、七断层,输尿管与髂外动脉的距离越来越远,与髂外动脉的表盘位置为:右侧5:03～6:35,左侧6:42～7:00。在所测量的七个断层中,女性输尿管与腰、骶椎的距离均比男性短,位置均偏外,但没有统计学意义。结论输尿管狭窄的数目不恒定,狭窄的部位除膀胱壁内段较恒定外,其余狭窄部位均不恒定:膀胱壁内段最狭窄;输尿管第一狭窄只有50%位于肾盂输尿管移行区。在盆部CT扫描图像上,参照髂血管、腰、骶椎可实现输尿管的定位。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the imaging localization of ureteral stenosis and ureteral pelvis on CT transection, and to accumulate data for the anatomical study of ureter. Methods: to dissect the ureter of 30 Chinese adult cadavers (20 males and 10 females) and observe the number and location of ureteral stricture. The diameter of the lumen of the stenosis was measured. Thirty cases of male and female patients with enhanced scanning of pelvic segment CT transverse tomography were selected to measure the position and distance between ureter and iliac vessels and waist, sacral vertebrae. Results: each segment of ureter was varied in shape. Roughly divided into four types: 1, upper, wider, lower, narrower, upper, narrower, lower, wider, narrower, narrower at both ends, and intermediate enlarged, expanded at both ends, The degree of ureteral stricture is in the order of ureteral medial ureteral end ureter proximal ureter. 50% ureteral first stenosis is located in the transitional area of ureteropelvic ureter 50% is located in proximal ureter and pelvic ureter is located in pelvis ureter. Ct tomography results: first, On the second and third levels, the ureter moves from the posterolateral side of the common iliac artery to the anterior or anterolateral iliac artery. On the right side of the second fault, the distance between the ureter and the external iliac artery in the female is less than that in the male. The position of the left ureter and the external iliac artery in the left female was more than that in the lateral side of the male, while in the male, there was a significant difference in the position of the anterior position of the ureter and the external iliac artery. In the third transect, the position of the left ureter and the external iliac artery in the male was significantly different. The location and distance between the right ureter and iliac vessels were different in female. In the 4th fault, there was a difference between the location of ureter and the external iliac artery in the male and female, and the difference between the right and the right was P0.05 and P0.01. at the 5th, 6th and 7th faults, there was no significant difference in the position and distance between the ureter and the iliac artery. The distance between the ureter and the external iliac artery is further and further. The dial position of the external iliac artery is as follows: the right side is 5: 03: 6: 35, the left side is 6: 42 and 7: 00. In the seven faults measured, the distance between the ureter and the waist and the sacral vertebra of the female is shorter than that of the male. Conclusion the number of ureteral stricture is not constant, except for the inner segment of bladder wall, the other stenoses are not constant: the stricture of bladder wall is the most; Only 50% of the first ureteral strictures were located in the transitional area of the pelvis and ureter. In the CT scan of the pelvis, the location of the ureter could be achieved by referring to the iliac vessels, the waist and the sacrum.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R322;R813

【参考文献】