外源性基因经乳腺管注射在大鼠乳腺中表达的机理研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 23:38

本文选题：外源性基因 + 乳腺　；参考：《第一军医大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：乳腺生物反应器属于转基因动物的范畴，自转基因技术创立以来，几十年里取得了巨大进展，拥有着广阔的应用前景。从转基因动物的乳腺中获得珍贵医用人类蛋白质是现代生物技术学应用的重要领域。乳腺导管注射可以用来制作乳腺生物反应器，本实验的目的是为了研究外源性基因经乳腺导管注射在大鼠乳腺中表达的机理，探索提高基因转染效率的对策。本实验的研究内容分为三个部分。在第一部分实验中，取8个不同发育时间点(4周龄、9周龄未孕、妊娠7天、妊娠12天、妊娠18天、产后1周、产后2周、产后3周)的雌性大鼠乳腺组织进行普通石蜡切片、HE染色，在光镜下观察其形态学变化。结果发现：大鼠的乳腺是复管泡腺，其发育过程中形态学变化最明显的时间是在妊娠12天至产后14天，表现为大量浆液性腺泡的腺细胞不断增生及分泌活动，其中在妊娠12天和产后1周可以发现数量相对较多的处于分裂期的腺细胞。大鼠的乳腺发育过程主要是在孕期和泌乳期完成的，发育随妊娠的开始而进行，随泌乳的结束而退化。另取同一发育时期的大鼠乳腺制作卡红染色的全组织片，观察了乳腺导管在发育过程中的整体变化。发现4周龄时，大鼠乳腺主要由细长而稀疏的导管构成，导管极少有侧枝；9周龄时乳腺导管的主干上发出较多侧枝，并且末端出现端芽；妊娠后，乳腺导管增粗，侧枝更加密集，，末球出现并逐渐增多；产后，乳腺导管基本维持在妊娠末期的形态特点；哺乳结束后乳腺导管恢复成妊娠前的状态。
[Abstract]:Mammary gland bioreactor belongs to the category of transgenic animals. Since the establishment of transgenic technology, it has made great progress in recent decades and has broad application prospects.Obtaining precious medical human protein from the mammary gland of transgenic animals is an important field in the application of modern biotechnology.Mammary duct injection can be used to make mammary gland bioreactor. The purpose of this experiment is to study the expression mechanism of exogenous gene in rat mammary gland and explore the countermeasures to improve the efficiency of gene transfection.The research content of this experiment is divided into three parts.In the first part of the experiment, 8 different developmental time points of 4 weeks, 9 weeks old, 7 days of pregnancy, 12 days of pregnancy, 18 days of pregnancy, 1 week of postpartum and 2 weeks of postpartum were selected.After 3 weeks postpartum, the mammary gland of female rats were stained with HE in paraffin sections, and the morphological changes were observed under light microscope.The results showed that the mammary gland of the rat was a reducted alveolar gland. The most obvious morphological changes in the development of the mammary gland were from the 12th day of pregnancy to the 14th day of postpartum, showing that a large number of glandular cells of serous acinus proliferated and secreted continuously.A relatively large number of dividing glandular cells were found on the 12th day of pregnancy and 1 week postpartum.The development of mammary gland in rats was mainly completed during pregnancy and lactation. The development of mammary gland developed with the beginning of pregnancy and degenerated with the end of lactation.The changes of mammary ducts in the development process were observed.At the age of 4 weeks, the mammary gland of rats was mainly composed of slender and sparse ducts. At the age of 9 weeks, the ducts rarely produced more lateral branches on the main trunk of the ducts, and terminal buds appeared at the end of the ducts, and the ducts were thickened after pregnancy.The lateral branches were denser and the ball appeared and gradually increased; postpartum mammary ducts were basically maintained in the shape of the late pregnancy; after lactation the mammary ducts returned to the pre-pregnancy state.
【学位授予单位】：第一军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R-332

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