人工体神经—内脏神经反射弧异类神经元及盆神经节内突触再生的形态学研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 17:58

本文选题：异类神经元 + 神经追踪　；参考：《郑州大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：脊髓损伤(SCI)导致的一直是医学界的一大难题，大多数SCI患者都因肢体瘫痪和大小便功能失控，丧失自立自理能力，生活质量极差，排尿障碍更直接威胁生命，给个人、家庭和社会都带来极大的精神压力和经济负担。既往的一些治疗方法如间歇导尿、选择性骶神经根切断、骶神经前根电刺激等疗效均不理想。肖传国教授于1990年提出设想：利用脊髓损伤平面以下的废用神经，建立人工体神经—内脏神经反射弧，形成一种新的经体表皮肤控制的神经反射路径以实现膀胱的可控性排尿。经过长期的临床及基础研究，均证实了该理论及新型术式的科学性、有效性和实用性。后来肖教授又将此反射弧理论应用于大小便功能障碍的先天性脊柱裂(SB)脊膜膨出病人，亦取得明显疗效。人工体神经—内脏神经反射弧为治疗神经源性膀胱开辟了新方向，多项研究已基本阐明了人工体神经—内脏神经反射弧的作用机制，，但“异类神经元”的再生以及新生的“异类神经元”的轴突是否能够随着既往内脏神经路径与副交感神经节(盆神经节)建立新的突触连接，目前还缺乏形态学证据。本研究旨在研究术后大鼠能否产生“异类神经元”及突触，从而提供形态学依据，为进一步阐述人工体神经—内脏神经反射弧提理论打下基础。
[Abstract]:Spinal cord injury (sci) has been a major medical problem. Most patients with SCI suffer from limb paralysis and uncontrolled defecation, loss of self-sufficiency, poor quality of life, and more direct threat to life from dysuria. Family and society bring great mental pressure and economic burden. Some previous treatments, such as intermittent catheterization, selective sacral root dissection and sacral nerve anterior root electrical stimulation, were not satisfactory. Professor Xiao Chuanguo proposed in 1990 that a new neural reflex pathway controlled by the skin of the body surface could be formed by using the disused nerve under the plane of spinal cord injury to establish a reflex arc of human somatic nerve and visceral nerve in order to realize the controllable urination of the bladder. After long-term clinical and basic research, the theory and the new operative method are proved to be scientific, effective and practical. Professor Xiao later applied this reflex arc theory to patients with congenital spina bifida (SBB) with dysuria. The reflex arc of human somatic nerve and visceral nerve has opened up a new direction for the treatment of neurogenic bladder. Many studies have basically clarified the mechanism of the reflex arc of human somatic nerve and visceral nerve. However, the regeneration of "heterogeneous neurons" and the ability of axons of new "heterogeneous neurons" to establish new synaptic connections with parasympathetic ganglion (pelvic ganglion) along with the previous visceral nerve pathway are still lack of morphological evidence. The purpose of this study was to study whether "heterogeneous neurons" and synapses could be produced in rats after operation, and to provide morphological basis for the further elaboration of the theory of reflex arc extraction of human somatic nerve and visceral nerve.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R322

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