缺氧对神经干细胞的损伤及EPO、葡萄糖对其保护作用的实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 19:53

本文选题：神经干细胞 + 缺氧　；参考：《山东大学》2006年博士论文

【摘要】：自90年代科学家们分离、培养出神经干细胞(neural stem cells，NSCs)以来，人们相继从各种动物及人的中枢神经系统(central neural system，CNS)内分离、培养出了神经干细胞，因其具有很强的分裂、增殖及自我更新能力，打破了传统上认为神经细胞不能再生的观念。神经干细胞的发现对神经损伤、神经退行性疾病等的治疗以及深入研究动物的生长发育和分化具有重要的意义，为中枢神经系统的结构和功能重建提供了新的手段，具有广阔的应用前景，因而神经干细胞的研究也就成了当今生命科学的研究热点。从神经干细胞的分离、体外培养及其生物学特性的研究，到移植治疗神经系统疾病，都取得了可喜的成绩。但中枢神经系统的再生是一个十分复杂的课题，尚存在大量的未知问题需要进一步深入研究。缺氧缺血性脑损伤是临床常见病、多发病，如脑血栓、脑梗塞、脑血管痉挛等，其致死和致残率很高。缺氧缺血性脑损伤也常发生于围产期的胎儿和新生儿，不仅可引起患儿死亡，而且是造成脑瘫、癫痫及智力发育迟缓或智力低下的重要原因。据统计，国内每年约有75万新生儿发生窒息，约有25万婴儿因此成为伤残儿或低智儿童。其中约有50％发生在宫内，40％发生在分娩中，10％发生在生后。目前国内外对缺氧缺血性脑损伤的研究大多借助于脑缺血再灌注动物模型进行在体研究，然而在体研究易受体内神经、体液等多种复杂因素的影响。神经干细胞的发现为该病的研究提供了适宜的细胞模型。本项研究以Wistar大鼠为实验动物，，从孕11.5天(E11.5d)的胎鼠神经管(neural tube，NT)提取、分离培养神经干细胞，并对其进行鉴定和体外扩增，利用体外培养的方法，较系统
[Abstract]:Since scientists isolated and cultured neural stem cells (NSCs) in 1990s, neural stem cells have been isolated from all kinds of animals and human central nervous system (CNS), and neural stem cells (NSCs) have been cultured because of their strong division. Proliferation and self-renewal have broken the conventional belief that nerve cells cannot regenerate. The discovery of neural stem cells plays an important role in the treatment of nerve injury and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as in the study of animal growth, development and differentiation, and provides a new means for the reconstruction of the structure and function of the central nervous system. It has a broad application prospect, so the research of neural stem cells has become the research hotspot of life science. Great achievements have been made from isolation of neural stem cells, in vitro culture and study of biological characteristics to transplantation of neural stem cells in the treatment of nervous system diseases. However, regeneration of central nervous system (CNS) is a very complex subject, and there are still a lot of unknown problems that need to be further studied. Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is a common clinical disease with high mortality and disability rate, such as cerebral thrombosis, cerebral infarction and cerebral vasospasm. Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIE) also occurs in perinatal fetuses and newborns, which can not only cause death, but also cause cerebral palsy, epilepsy, mental retardation or mental retardation. According to statistics, about 750000 newborns are asphyxiated each year in China, and about 250000 infants become disabled or retarded children. About 50% of them occurred in intrauterine gyrus, 40% in delivery and 10% in postnatal. At present, the research on hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is mostly carried out in vivo with the aid of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion animal model. However, in vivo research is easy to be affected by many complicated factors such as nerve and body fluid in vivo. The discovery of neural stem cells provides a suitable cell model for the study of the disease. In this study, Wistar rats were used as experimental animals. Neural stem cells were isolated and cultured from fetal rat neural tube-NTs (11.5 days after pregnancy). The neural stem cells were identified and amplified in vitro. The method of culture in vitro was used to compare the system.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R363

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