运动与衰老:线粒体功能和氧化还原的调控

发布时间：2018-05-29 04:18

本文选题：运动 + 衰老　；参考：《生理科学进展》2014年05期

【摘要】：衰老与线粒体功能衰退和氧化还原失衡紧密相关。随着年龄的增加,肌肉线粒体的DNA丰度和蛋白质的合成不断的下降,线粒体代谢过程中的副产物自由基增加导致脂质,蛋白质和核酸等大分子的氧化损伤不断累积。衰老相关的线粒体功能的下降和氧化还原失衡影响运动功能,导致胰岛素抵抗和神经退行性疾病,因而对于调节寿命起到重要的作用。因而线粒体可能是决定寿命的重要因素。大量研究证实长期运动训练可以很大程度预防和改善衰老相关疾病,其机制可能是通过促进线粒体生成和激活内源性抗氧化防御体系而提高线粒体功能和调控氧化还原平衡。因此,长期的运动训练预防衰老相关疾病和提高老年人的生命质量很可能是通过调控线粒体功能和氧化还原平衡而发挥作用。
[Abstract]:Aging is closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction and redox imbalance. With the increase of age, the DNA abundance and protein synthesis of muscle mitochondria decrease, and the increase of free radicals in mitochondrial metabolism leads to the accumulation of oxidative damage of lipid, protein and nucleic acid and other macromolecules. The decline of mitochondrial function associated with senescence and the imbalance of redox affect motor function, leading to insulin resistance and neurodegenerative diseases, and thus play an important role in regulating longevity. Mitochondria may therefore be an important determinant of life expectancy. A large number of studies have proved that long-term exercise training can prevent and improve aging related diseases to a great extent, and its mechanism may be to improve mitochondrial function and regulate redox balance by promoting mitochondrial formation and activating endogenous antioxidant defense system. Therefore, long-term exercise training to prevent aging related diseases and improve the quality of life in the elderly is likely to play a role by regulating mitochondrial function and redox balance.
【作者单位】：西安交通大学生命科学与技术学院生物医学与信息工程教育部重点实验室和西安交通大学前沿科学技术研究院前沿生命科学研究所线粒体生物医学中心;天津体育学院天津市运动生理与运动医学重点实验室;
【分类号】：R339.38

【共引文献】