人间充质干细胞向神经细胞诱导过程中表面标记的变化

发布时间：2018-08-06 20:22

【摘要】：长期以来人们一直认为,人脑内的神经细胞缺乏再生能力,如果遇到损伤,受损的神经细胞将会永久丧失,而只能由胶质细胞所充填,造成其中枢神经系统损伤后的恢复困难。然而,近十年的研究表明,胚胎和成人脑组织及外周神经系统中均存在神经干细胞,而且还证实这些神经干细胞在细胞因子、激素和环境因素的作用调控下能在体外分裂,并可进一步分化为神经元、星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞。但是,内源性神经干细胞在神经受损时因缺少和缺乏正向激活的信号,无法进行组织修复,而胚胎神经干细胞除了来源困难以外,还有伦理上的束缚,所以均无法广泛应用。因此,寻找新的神经干细胞来源对于神经干细胞用于治疗中枢神经系统疾病有着重要的意义。间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cell,MSCs)是骨髓细胞中除去造血干细胞(非粘附细胞)之外的粘附细胞部分,也称之为塑料粘附细胞(plastic-adherent cells)、克隆形成单位成纤维细胞(clone-forming-unit fibroblast)或骨髓间质干细胞(messenchymal stem cells)。其易于在体外分离培养和扩增,还能够跨胚层向多种组织和细胞类型分化,这些特性使骨髓MSCs成为在细胞治疗、基因治疗中发挥作用的理想工程细胞。近年的研究也表明了骨髓MSCs在体外可以分化为神经样细胞。目的: 验证在不同条件下诱导人骨髓MSCs在体外向神经样细胞分化的可行性;检
[Abstract]:For a long time, it has been believed that the nerve cells in the human brain lack the ability to regenerate. If the injured nerve cells are damaged, the damaged nerve cells will be permanently lost, but only filled with glial cells, resulting in the difficulty of recovery after the injury of the central nervous system. However, recent studies have shown that neural stem cells exist in both embryonic and adult brain tissues and peripheral nervous systems, and that these neural stem cells can divide in vitro under the control of cytokines, hormones and environmental factors. And can further differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes. However, the endogenous neural stem cells can not be repaired due to the lack of positive activation signals when the nerve is damaged, and the embryonic neural stem cells can not be widely used because of the difficulty of the source and the ethical constraints. Therefore, finding new sources of neural stem cells is of great significance in the treatment of central nervous system diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells) are adherent cells of bone marrow cells except hematopoietic stem cells (non-adherent cells). They are also called plastic adhesion cells (plastic-adherent cells), clone forming unit fibroblasts (clone-forming-unit fibroblast) or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (messenchymal stem cells). It is easy to be isolated, cultured and amplified in vitro, and can differentiate into various tissue and cell types across the embryo layer. These characteristics make bone marrow MSCs an ideal engineering cell to play a role in cell therapy and gene therapy. Recent studies have also shown that bone marrow MSCs can differentiate into neuronal like cells in vitro. Objective: to verify the feasibility of inducing the differentiation of human bone marrow MSCs into neuron-like cells in vitro under different conditions.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R329

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