红细胞衰老及程序性死亡机制

发布时间：2018-08-08 18:42

【摘要】：细胞核和线粒体在有核细胞的凋亡过程中起到关键的作用。红细胞没有细胞核和线粒体,但依据红细胞的生理行为及近年来的研究结果表明:红细胞衰老及死亡是一个程序性的死亡过程,并用eryptosis一词来特指红细胞凋亡。红细胞凋亡主要通过胞质Ca2+浓度增加而触发,进而激活Ca2+敏感性K+通道、翻转酶、钙蛋白酶及其他蛋白水解酶等,通过这些酶的作用引发红细胞程序性死亡的相关分子发生级联反应,最终使衰老红细胞被清除。诸多分子及信号通路参与了红细胞的衰老及凋亡,其过程受到精确的调控。红细胞已经成为研究衰老及凋亡的一个很好的材料,研究成果有助于进一步探索有核细胞的凋亡过程。本文就影响红细胞程序性死亡的因素、Ca2+和神经酰胺在红细胞程序性死亡中的作用,囊泡化在红细胞衰老过程中的作用、红细胞衰老抗原等问题进行综述。
[Abstract]:Nuclei and mitochondria play a key role in the apoptosis of nucleated cells. Red blood cells do not have nuclei and mitochondria, but according to the physiological behavior of red blood cells and the results of recent studies, the aging and death of red blood cells is a programmed death process, and the term eryptosis is used to refer to the apoptosis of red blood cells. Erythrocyte apoptosis is triggered by the increase of cytoplasmic Ca2 concentration, which activates Ca2 sensitive K channel, flip enzyme, calpain and other proteolytic enzymes. Through the action of these enzymes, the related molecules of programmed red blood cell death occur cascade reaction, and eventually the aging red blood cells are eliminated. Many molecules and signaling pathways are involved in the aging and apoptosis of erythrocytes. Red blood cells have become a good material for the study of aging and apoptosis, and the research results are helpful to further explore the apoptosis process of nucleated cells. This paper reviews the effects of calcium and ceramide on programmed erythrocyte death, the role of vesicle in the process of erythrocyte aging, and the aging antigen of erythrocyte.
【作者单位】：山西医科大学第二临床医学院麻醉科;山西医科大学生物化学与分子生物学教研室;
【分类号】：R329.2

【相似文献】