豚鼠Oddi括约肌的可能调控机制

发布时间：2018-08-22 12:10

【摘要】： Oddi括约肌(sphincter of oddi,SO)是控制胆汁排出胆道的唯一门户,对胆囊充盈,胆汁排出及胆道系统正常压力的维持等具有重要作用。Oddi括约肌功能障碍(sphincter of oddi dysfunction,SOD)是临床上的常见病和多发病。因此,阐明SO运动调控机制,对于临床理解胆道系统疾病的病理生理和相关疾病的治疗具有重要意义。近年研究表明胃肠道自主节律性运动起搏细胞——Cajal细胞(interstitial cells of Cajal,ICC)或Cajal样细胞(interstitial Cajal-like cells)不仅存在于胃肠道内,而且亦存在于消化道以外具有自主节律性运动功能的器官。生理状态下,SO具有一定的自主节律性运动的特性,但SO内是否存在ICC尚未见文献报道。肠神经系统(enteric nervous system,ENS)对SO具有重要的调节作用。其中,胆碱能和肾上腺素能神经对SO功能调控的研究较多,但ENS的主要组成成分之一的非肾上腺素、非胆碱能(nonadrenergic-noncholinergic,NANC)神经对SO的作用研究相对较少。已经明确NANC神经递质之一的一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)对胃肠平滑肌具有较强的抑制作用,据报道这种作用可能是ICC介导的。生理实验研究发现,NO对人和猪SO的运动具有抑制作用,这种抑制作用是否通过ICC介导尚不清楚。而且,胆囊收缩素(cholecystokinin,CCK)对SO的作用是否与NO或ICC有关,是值得深入探讨的问题。因此,本研究采用豚鼠SO石蜡切片的HE染色,冰冻切片的ICC特异性标志物c-Kit蛋白和CCK的特异性抗体的免疫细胞化学染色及NADPH-d组织化学染色显示NO神经等方法,从形态学角度对豚鼠SO的可能调控因素进行较详细的观察,期望为阐明SO的运动调控机制提供新的形态学依据。主要结果如下: 一、豚鼠与大鼠SO的组织结构比较 HE染色可见:豚鼠SO仅由胆管末端发达的平滑肌构成,未见胰管、共同通道及开口。纵切面可见豚鼠SO分为二个壁:外侧壁和十二指肠内壁,前者在结构上类似肠壁,由内环和外纵两层平滑肌组成,后者由内外两层纵行和中间环行平滑肌组成,切片上较容易区分。与豚鼠相比,大鼠胆管末端无SO装置,所以,本研究主要以豚
[Abstract]:Oddi sphincter (sphincter of oddi so is the only portal to control bile excretion. It plays an important role in gallbladder filling, bile excretion and the maintenance of normal pressure of biliary system. (sphincter of oddi dysfunctional sod is a common disease and frequent disease in clinic. Therefore, it is important for clinical understanding of pathophysiology of biliary tract diseases and treatment of related diseases to elucidate the mechanism of so movement regulation. In recent years, it has been shown that Cajal cell (interstitial cells of Cajala-like cells (interstitial Cajal-like cells) exist not only in the gastrointestinal tract, but also in organs with autonomic rhythmic motor function outside the digestive tract. Under physiological conditions, so has some characteristics of autonomous rhythmic movement, but the existence of ICC in so has not been reported in literature. (enteric nervous system plays an important role in the regulation of so. Among them, cholinergic and adrenergic nerves have more studies on the regulation of so function, but the effect of nonadreneric-noncholinergic nerve on so is relatively few, one of the main components of ENS. It has been identified that nitric oxide (no), one of the neurotransmitters of NANC, has a strong inhibitory effect on gastrointestinal smooth muscle, which may be mediated by ICC. Physiological experiments showed that no inhibited the movement of so in both human and pig, and whether the inhibition was mediated by ICC is not clear. Furthermore, whether the effect of cholecystokinin (CCK) on so is related to no or ICC is a question worthy of further discussion. Therefore, HE staining of so paraffin sections of guinea pigs, immunocytochemical staining of ICC specific marker c-Kit protein and specific antibody to CCK and NADPH-d histochemical staining were used to display no nerves in frozen sections. The possible regulatory factors of so in guinea pigs were observed in detail from the point of view of morphology in order to provide a new morphological basis for elucidating the mechanism of so movement regulation. The main results are as follows: 1. Compared with the tissue structure of rat so in guinea pig, HE staining showed that the so was only composed of smooth muscle at the end of bile duct, but no pancreatic duct, common channel and opening were found. On the longitudinal section of guinea pig, so is divided into two walls: lateral wall and duodenal wall. The former is similar to the intestinal wall in structure and consists of the inner ring and the outer longitudinal smooth muscle, the latter is composed of the inner and outer longitudinal and intermediate circular smooth muscle. It is easy to distinguish on slices. Compared with guinea pigs, there was no so _ 2 device at the end of the bile duct in rats.
【学位授予单位】：第三军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R322

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