随年龄变化的成人颈动脉和椎动脉颅外段的超声特征

发布时间：2018-08-29 07:37

【摘要】：目的探讨不同年龄段成人颈总动脉、颈内动脉、椎动脉彩色多普勒超声检查的解剖结构特征。方法对867例20~99岁基本健康成人采用彩色多普勒超声检查,检测血管内径、颈总动脉内中膜厚度和动脉硬化斑块,并进行统计分析。结果相关分析结果表明,颈总动脉内中膜厚度与年龄的相关系数左侧为0.596,右侧0.588,为中度相关。颈总动脉内径与年龄的相关系数左侧为0.290,右侧0.297。颈内动脉内径与年龄的相关系数左侧为0.218,右侧0.267。椎动脉与年龄的相关系数左侧为0.135,右侧0.176。颈总动脉内中膜厚度与高血压病史的相关系数左侧为0.331,右侧0.323,为低度相关。随着年龄增长,两侧颈总动脉内中膜厚度以及两侧颈总动脉、颈内动脉、椎动脉的内径,都有逐渐增大的趋势;同时,颈总动脉内中膜逐渐由光滑变得不光滑,并可能出现斑块;而年龄越大,颈部动脉出现斑块的比例就越高。结论走向衰老的年龄增长,逐渐造成颈部动脉血管内中膜增厚、斑块形成、管壁弹性减弱和内径增大,提示了颈部动脉逐渐硬化的特征,可以认为这些变化是衰老在机体内在的结果和表现。经过颈部动脉硬化超声检测进行衰老评估,可能是人体衰老的一个新的评估认识手段。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the anatomical features of common carotid artery, internal carotid artery and vertebral artery in adults of different ages. Methods 867 healthy adults aged 20 ~ 99 years were examined by color Doppler ultrasound. The diameter of blood vessels, the intima media thickness of common carotid artery and atherosclerotic plaques were measured and analyzed statistically. Results correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between IMT and age in common carotid artery was 0.596 on the left side and 0.588 on the right, which was moderately correlated. The correlation coefficient between internal diameter of common carotid artery and age was 0.290 in left and 0.297 in right. The correlation coefficient between internal carotid artery diameter and age was 0.218 on the left and 0.267 on the right. The correlation coefficient between vertebral artery and age was 0.135 in left and 0.176 in right. The correlation coefficient between medial thickness of common carotid artery and history of hypertension was 0.331 on the left side and 0.323 on the right, which was low correlation. With age, the internal media thickness of bilateral common carotid artery and the internal diameter of bilateral common carotid artery, internal carotid artery and vertebral artery increased gradually, and the internal media of common carotid artery gradually changed from smooth to non-smooth. Plaque may occur; the older you get, the higher the proportion of plaques in the carotid artery. Conclusion the aging age gradually leads to the thickening of the intravascular media, the formation of plaque, the weakening of the wall elasticity and the increase of the inner diameter of the carotid artery, which indicates the characteristics of the gradual hardening of the cervical artery. These changes can be considered as the internal results and manifestations of aging in the body. It may be a new method to evaluate senescence after cervical arteriosclerosis ultrasonic examination.
【作者单位】：解放军第425医院;
【分类号】：R322.121

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