凋亡细胞被巨噬细胞清除机制的研究
发布时间：2018-09-18 10:22
【摘要】：背景 细胞凋亡(apoptosis)是由体内外因素触发细胞内预存的死亡程序而引起细胞死亡的方式，，又称程序性死亡(programmed cell death，PCD)。这是病理学家kerr等人在1972年提出的一种不同于坏死的细胞死亡方式。细胞凋亡是细胞主动有序高度调控的程序性死亡，它在清除损伤和衰老细胞、维持正常组织的生长发育、机体内环境的稳定及炎症的消除等方面起着重要作用。细胞凋亡受到抑制会导致细胞的恶性生长，产生肿瘤。过多的细胞凋亡会导致器官的功能衰竭。正常情况下，凋亡细胞可被吞噬细胞快速有效的清除并抑制炎性反应的发生。如凋亡细胞不能被及时的清除，凋亡细胞就会产生二次坏死，释放内容物，产生炎症反应，导致一些疾病的发生。最近的研究显示系统性红斑狼疮和动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成都与凋亡细胞不能被有效清除有关。 吞噬细胞对凋亡细胞的识别和清除需要两种细胞之间的信息交流。大量的研究显示细胞发生凋亡后在细胞表面出现了一些区别于正常细胞的特殊信号，这些信号可被吞噬细胞上的不同受体所识别，又称为“食我”信号。磷脂酰丝氨酸(Phosphatidylserine，PS)外翻是细胞凋亡时出现的重要的“食我”信号之一。正常情况下，磷脂在细胞膜的内外两侧是呈不对称分布的，其中PS被严格限制分布于细胞膜内侧。磷脂的这种不对称性分布主要靠细胞膜上的两种酶来维持：一种酶是攀援酶(Scramblase)，可将细胞膜内外的磷脂进行非特异
[Abstract]:Background apoptotic (apoptosis) is a kind of cell death caused by in vitro and in vivo preexisting death process, also known as programmed death (programmed cell death,PCD). This is the pathologist kerr et al. 1972 proposed a different form of cell death than necrosis. Apoptosis is a programmed cell death controlled by active and orderly regulation. It plays an important role in clearing damaged and aging cells, maintaining the growth and development of normal tissues, stabilizing the internal environment and eliminating inflammation. Inhibition of apoptosis can lead to malignant growth of cells and produce tumors. Excessive apoptosis can lead to organ failure. Under normal conditions, apoptotic cells can be quickly and effectively removed by phagocytes and inhibit inflammatory response. If the apoptotic cells can not be cleared in time, the apoptotic cells will produce secondary necrosis, release contents, produce inflammatory reaction, and lead to the occurrence of some diseases. Recent studies have shown that both systemic lupus erythematosus and atherosclerotic plaques are associated with the inability of apoptotic cells to be effectively cleared. The identification and clearance of apoptotic cells by phagocytes requires information exchange between the two types of cells. A large number of studies have shown that there are some special signals on the cell surface after apoptosis, which can be recognized by different receptors on phagocytes, also known as "eater" signals. Phosphatidyl serine (Phosphatidylserine,PS) valgus is one of the most important signals of apoptosis. Under normal conditions, the distribution of phospholipid on both sides of the cell membrane is asymmetric, and PS is strictly confined to the inner side of the cell membrane. The asymmetric distribution of phospholipids is maintained mainly by two enzymes on the cell membrane: one is the climbing enzyme (Scramblase), which carries out nonspecific phospholipids both inside and outside the cell membrane.
【学位授予单位】：第一军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R363
本文编号：2247607
[Abstract]:Background apoptotic (apoptosis) is a kind of cell death caused by in vitro and in vivo preexisting death process, also known as programmed death (programmed cell death,PCD). This is the pathologist kerr et al. 1972 proposed a different form of cell death than necrosis. Apoptosis is a programmed cell death controlled by active and orderly regulation. It plays an important role in clearing damaged and aging cells, maintaining the growth and development of normal tissues, stabilizing the internal environment and eliminating inflammation. Inhibition of apoptosis can lead to malignant growth of cells and produce tumors. Excessive apoptosis can lead to organ failure. Under normal conditions, apoptotic cells can be quickly and effectively removed by phagocytes and inhibit inflammatory response. If the apoptotic cells can not be cleared in time, the apoptotic cells will produce secondary necrosis, release contents, produce inflammatory reaction, and lead to the occurrence of some diseases. Recent studies have shown that both systemic lupus erythematosus and atherosclerotic plaques are associated with the inability of apoptotic cells to be effectively cleared. The identification and clearance of apoptotic cells by phagocytes requires information exchange between the two types of cells. A large number of studies have shown that there are some special signals on the cell surface after apoptosis, which can be recognized by different receptors on phagocytes, also known as "eater" signals. Phosphatidyl serine (Phosphatidylserine,PS) valgus is one of the most important signals of apoptosis. Under normal conditions, the distribution of phospholipid on both sides of the cell membrane is asymmetric, and PS is strictly confined to the inner side of the cell membrane. The asymmetric distribution of phospholipids is maintained mainly by two enzymes on the cell membrane: one is the climbing enzyme (Scramblase), which carries out nonspecific phospholipids both inside and outside the cell membrane.
【学位授予单位】：第一军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R363
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 刘尚喜，周玫，陈瑗;氧化型低密度脂蛋白的不同组分在诱导巨噬细胞凋亡中的作用[J];中国动脉硬化杂志;1996年04期
本文编号：2247607
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