副粘病毒F蛋白特异性膜融合功能的研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 06:32

【摘要】：副粘病毒科分为两个亚科:副粘病毒亚科和肺病毒亚科。副粘病毒亚科包括副粘病毒属、麻疹病毒属和腮腺炎病毒属;肺病毒亚科只包括肺病毒属。副粘病毒属主要有副流感病毒(PIV)、新城疫病毒(NDV)和仙台病毒(SV);麻疹病毒属主要有麻疹病毒(MV);腮腺炎病毒属主要有流行性腮腺炎病毒(MuV);肺病毒属主要有人和牛呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)。人副流感病毒(hPIV)主要引起人类呼吸系统、生殖系统疾病,如上呼吸道感染、支气管炎、毛细支气管炎、肺炎、结膜炎、睾丸炎、卵巢炎等等,严重时甚至引起死亡。hPIV是主要引起婴幼儿上呼吸道感染和严重的下呼吸道感染的重要致病因子,是婴幼儿毛细支气管炎和肺炎的第二大病因,仅次于呼吸道合胞病毒。hPIV还可引起婴幼儿的哮吼和喉炎。2岁儿童大多已初次感染hPIV-3,5岁儿童几乎全部感染,青年和成人再感染常见。鉴于hPIV-3是重要的呼吸道病原体,hPIV-3疫苗已被世界卫生组织(WHO)列为优先发展项目。近年出现的一些新病毒,如尼帕病毒、亨德拉病毒、Salem病毒、鸟类肺炎病毒(APV)、人类后肺炎病毒(hMPV)等,都属于副粘病毒科。这些病毒能引起严重的人类和动物疾病,能感染许多器官中的血管和血管外实质,还能引起严重的中枢神经系统疾病。临床上主要表现为发烧、头痛,病死率极高。副粘病毒还常感染马类、猪类,引起肺炎、坏死性支气管炎、脑炎等。NDV还能引起禽类的疾病,而且往往是灾难性、广泛的流行。鸡新城疫也是危害我国养禽业最严重的烈性传染病之一。养禽业在我国国民经济中占有重要地位,但由于新城疫的流行而造成巨大损失。虽有常规疫苗用于预防,但由于病毒变异,疫苗往往无效。此外,NDV尚有其他方面的临床意义,如诱导干扰素(IFN)、
[Abstract]:Paramyxoviridae are divided into two subfamilies: paramyxovirus subfamily and pulmonary virus subfamily. Paramyxovirus subfamily includes paramyxovirus genus, measles virus genus and mumps virus genus. Paramyxovirus include parainfluenza virus (PIV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and Sendai virus (SV); measles virus mainly measles virus (MV); mumps virus mainly mumps virus (MuV); (RSV)., a major human and bovine respiratory syncytial virus Human parainfluenza virus (hPIV) mainly causes diseases of human respiratory system and reproductive system, such as upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, conjunctivitis, orchitis, ovarian inflammation and so on. HPIV is the leading cause of upper respiratory tract infection and severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants, and the second leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants. Second only to respiratory syncytial virus. HPIV can also cause wheezing and laryngitis in infants. Most of the 2 year old children have been infected with hPIV-3,5 for the first time. Given that hPIV-3 is an important respiratory pathogen, hPIV-3 vaccine has been prioritized by WHO (WHO). In recent years, some new viruses, such as Nippa virus, Hendra virus, Salem virus, avian pneumonia virus (APV), human post-pneumonia virus (hMPV), all belong to paramyxovirus family. These viruses can cause serious human and animal diseases, infection of blood vessels and extravascular parenchyma in many organs, as well as serious central nervous system diseases. The main clinical manifestations of fever, headache, mortality is extremely high. Paramyxovirus also infects horses, pigs, pneumonia, necrotizing bronchitis, encephalitis, etc. NDV can also cause poultry diseases, often catastrophic and widespread. Newcastle disease is also one of the most serious infectious diseases in poultry industry in China. Poultry industry plays an important role in China's national economy, but the epidemic of Newcastle disease caused huge losses. Although conventional vaccines are used to prevent them, they are often ineffective because the virus mutates. In addition, NDV has other clinical significance, such as inducing interferon (IFN),.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R373

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