风疹病毒包膜糖蛋白E1的真核表达及其生物学活性研究
发布时间：2018-11-17 10:07
【摘要】：风疹病毒(rubella virus，RV)是披膜病毒科风疹病毒属的唯一成员，人类是RV的唯一自然宿主。人群对RV普遍易感，感染后可发生风疹。RV除了感染人外，实验室还能感染恒河猴、绒猴、猩猩、狒狒、乳鼠、地鼠和兔等野生和实验动物，并出现与人相似的感染过程，包括潜伏期、病毒血症及免疫应答反应等，但不出疹，仅狒狒感染RV后出现皮疹。 风疹(mbella)，也叫德国麻疹，通常是一种非常温和的疾病，一般不引起严重后果，通常只引起皮疹、颌下淋巴结肿大和其他轻微的体征。但在年长的儿童和成年人，尤其是妇女，风疹的后果可能要严重的多，包括关节疾病和紫癜。RV感染的危害主要在于先天性感染，即胎儿宫内感染。孕期前12周感染可导致胎儿先天风疹感染和80～90％的患风疹的孕妇流产。胎儿的先天性感染会导致先天性风疹综合征，累及多器官、多系统，并存在长期的活性感染。 临床上，，病毒存在于病人的鼻咽分泌物、血液、粪便和尿液中。虽然风疹经常为隐性感染，但亚临床表现的病人也有传染性，这对风疹的预防带来了一定的难度。病毒通过气溶胶扩散，在出现皮疹前的7天和出现皮疹后的7天从鼻咽排出，具有传染性。 先天性风疹综合征包括结构畸形(主要表现为神经性耳聋，白内障，心脏疾病如肺动脉和心脏瓣膜狭窄、动脉导管未闭)和智力发育障碍，晚期并发症包括糖尿病、甲状腺疾病、生长激素缺乏和进行性脑炎。 1962年，风疹的病原体RV分离成功，为RV的分子生物学研究、血清学检测、RV感染特别是先天性感染的诊断及疫苗研制等奠定了基础。 RV基因组为单股正链40S RNA，全长9 762个核苷酸，其5′端和3′端含
[Abstract]:Rubella virus (rubella virus,RV) is the only member of rubella virus genus in the family Erythroviridae, and human is the only natural host of RV. RV can infect wild and laboratory animals like rhesus monkeys, macaques, orangutans, baboons, milk rats, hamsters and rabbits, as well as humans. Including incubation period, viremia and immune response, but no rash, only baboon infected with RV skin rash. Rubella (mbella), also known as rubella, is usually a very mild disease that does not cause serious consequences. It usually causes rashes, submaxillary lymphadenopathy and other minor signs. But in older children and adults, especially women, the consequences of rubella can be much more severe, including joint disease and purpura. The risk of RV infection is primarily congenital, or intrauterine infection of the fetus. Infection in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy can lead to congenital rubella infection and 80% of rubella miscarriages. Fetal congenital infection can lead to congenital rubella syndrome, involving multiple organs, multiple systems, and long-term active infection. Clinically, the virus is present in the patient's nasopharyngeal secretions, blood, faeces and urine. Although rubella is often a recessive infection, patients with subclinical manifestations are also infectious, which brings some difficulty to the prevention of rubella. The virus diffuses through aerosols and is infectious at 7 days before and 7 days after the onset of the rash from the nasopharynx. Congenital rubella syndrome includes structural deformities (mainly neurodeafness, cataracts, heart diseases such as pulmonary artery and heart valve stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus) and mental retardation, and late complications include diabetes. Thyroid disease, growth hormone deficiency and progressive encephalitis. The successful isolation of rubella pathogen RV in 1962 laid a foundation for the molecular biology of RV, serological detection, diagnosis of RV infection, especially congenital infection and vaccine development. The genome of RV consists of 9,762 nucleotides with a single positive strand 40S RNA, with 5 'and 3' ends of the nucleotide.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R373
本文编号：2337397
[Abstract]:Rubella virus (rubella virus,RV) is the only member of rubella virus genus in the family Erythroviridae, and human is the only natural host of RV. RV can infect wild and laboratory animals like rhesus monkeys, macaques, orangutans, baboons, milk rats, hamsters and rabbits, as well as humans. Including incubation period, viremia and immune response, but no rash, only baboon infected with RV skin rash. Rubella (mbella), also known as rubella, is usually a very mild disease that does not cause serious consequences. It usually causes rashes, submaxillary lymphadenopathy and other minor signs. But in older children and adults, especially women, the consequences of rubella can be much more severe, including joint disease and purpura. The risk of RV infection is primarily congenital, or intrauterine infection of the fetus. Infection in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy can lead to congenital rubella infection and 80% of rubella miscarriages. Fetal congenital infection can lead to congenital rubella syndrome, involving multiple organs, multiple systems, and long-term active infection. Clinically, the virus is present in the patient's nasopharyngeal secretions, blood, faeces and urine. Although rubella is often a recessive infection, patients with subclinical manifestations are also infectious, which brings some difficulty to the prevention of rubella. The virus diffuses through aerosols and is infectious at 7 days before and 7 days after the onset of the rash from the nasopharynx. Congenital rubella syndrome includes structural deformities (mainly neurodeafness, cataracts, heart diseases such as pulmonary artery and heart valve stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus) and mental retardation, and late complications include diabetes. Thyroid disease, growth hormone deficiency and progressive encephalitis. The successful isolation of rubella pathogen RV in 1962 laid a foundation for the molecular biology of RV, serological detection, diagnosis of RV infection, especially congenital infection and vaccine development. The genome of RV consists of 9,762 nucleotides with a single positive strand 40S RNA, with 5 'and 3' ends of the nucleotide.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R373
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 党姗姗;ERK1/2对胆红素诱导的海马神经细胞损伤及NF-κB表达的影响[D];重庆医科大学;2011年
本文编号：2337397
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