兔BMSCs体外培养及其向成骨细胞分化的实验研究
发布时间：2019-01-15 06:54
【摘要】：实验目的 骨创伤后的再生能力提示有能够自我复制并能多向分化的干细胞存在。一般认为,此类干细胞存在于骨、骨膜、骨髓及其他由中胚层发育来的组织中,在出生后仍然有少量干细胞继续存在,在机体损伤时参与组织的修复。组织工程的基础是有功能的细胞,骨组织工程需要大量的成骨细胞。十多年来,国内外学者和临床工作者对各种组织的细胞成骨能力进行了大量的研究。提出了定向性骨祖细胞、诱导性骨祖细胞和基质干细胞的概念。目前,在研究中使用的作为种子细胞的成骨细胞来源有以下几种:骨、软骨、骨外膜、骨髓和骨外组织。 从临床应用来看,理想的骨组织工程种子细胞应具备下列特点:1.取材容易,对机体的损伤小。2.在体外培养过程中具有较强的传代繁殖能力,在较短时间内能够得到较大数量并易定向分化为成骨细胞。3.植入机体后能适应受区的环境并保持成骨活性。目前认为能够符合上述特点的种子细胞只有干细胞。 根据发育阶段,干细胞分为胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞。胚胎干细胞的研究受到论理学方面的困扰,细胞来源等方面的限制,因而成体干细胞的研究便受到人们的高度重视。越来越多的证据表明,骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)有多分化潜能,移植入体内后可分化为骨、软骨、肌肉、脂肪、血管内皮、肝脏、神经等多种细胞。能够作为组织工程中不同细胞的来源;在体内正常循环中能够分布于多种组织和器官,可以用于细胞和基因治疗。而且取材、分离培养、扩增以及导人外源基因也相对方便。BMSCs通过抽取自体骨髓得到,对病人造成创伤较少,且无免疫排斥反应。因此,BMSCs在实际应用时将具有潜在的优势。 大多数观点认为:BMSCs的分化与微环境密切相关。可能是不同组织的微环境中含有不同的因子,促进进入不同组织的BMSCs获得靶组织的表
[Abstract]:Objective\ It is generally believed that such stem cells exist in bone, periosteum, bone marrow and other tissues developed from mesoderm. A small number of stem cells continue to exist after birth and participate in the repair of tissues when the body is damaged. Tissue engineering is based on functional cells, and bone tissue engineering requires a large number of osteoblasts. For more than a decade, scholars and clinicians at home and abroad have done a lot of research on the osteogenic ability of various tissues. The concepts of directional bone progenitor cells, inducible bone progenitor cells and stromal stem cells were proposed. At present, the following sources of osteoblasts are used as seed cells: bone, cartilage, periosteum, bone marrow and extraosseous tissue. From the clinical application, the ideal bone tissue engineering seed cells should have the following characteristics: 1. The material is easy to take, the damage to the body is small. 2. In vitro culture process has a strong ability to reproduce, in a short time to obtain a large number of easily oriented differentiation into osteoblasts. 3. Implantation of the body can adapt to the environment of the recipient and maintain osteogenic activity. Only stem cells are thought to be able to match these characteristics. According to the development stage, stem cells are divided into embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. The research of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is subject to the theoretical problems, cell sources and other limitations, so the research of adult stem cells has been paid great attention to. More and more evidences show that bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into bone, cartilage, muscle, fat, vascular endothelium, liver, nerve and so on. It can be used as a source of different cells in tissue engineering and can be distributed in various tissues and organs in normal circulation in vivo and can be used in cell and gene therapy. Moreover, it is also relatively convenient to extract, isolate, culture, amplify and guide human exogenous genes. BMSCs obtained by extraction of autologous bone marrow causes less trauma and no immune rejection in patients. Therefore, BMSCs will have potential advantages in practical application. Most views suggest that the differentiation of BMSCs is closely related to microenvironment. It may be that the microenvironment of different tissues contains different factors, which promote the BMSCs entering different tissues to obtain the target tissue table.
【学位授予单位】：中国医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R329
本文编号：2408947
[Abstract]:Objective\ It is generally believed that such stem cells exist in bone, periosteum, bone marrow and other tissues developed from mesoderm. A small number of stem cells continue to exist after birth and participate in the repair of tissues when the body is damaged. Tissue engineering is based on functional cells, and bone tissue engineering requires a large number of osteoblasts. For more than a decade, scholars and clinicians at home and abroad have done a lot of research on the osteogenic ability of various tissues. The concepts of directional bone progenitor cells, inducible bone progenitor cells and stromal stem cells were proposed. At present, the following sources of osteoblasts are used as seed cells: bone, cartilage, periosteum, bone marrow and extraosseous tissue. From the clinical application, the ideal bone tissue engineering seed cells should have the following characteristics: 1. The material is easy to take, the damage to the body is small. 2. In vitro culture process has a strong ability to reproduce, in a short time to obtain a large number of easily oriented differentiation into osteoblasts. 3. Implantation of the body can adapt to the environment of the recipient and maintain osteogenic activity. Only stem cells are thought to be able to match these characteristics. According to the development stage, stem cells are divided into embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. The research of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is subject to the theoretical problems, cell sources and other limitations, so the research of adult stem cells has been paid great attention to. More and more evidences show that bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into bone, cartilage, muscle, fat, vascular endothelium, liver, nerve and so on. It can be used as a source of different cells in tissue engineering and can be distributed in various tissues and organs in normal circulation in vivo and can be used in cell and gene therapy. Moreover, it is also relatively convenient to extract, isolate, culture, amplify and guide human exogenous genes. BMSCs obtained by extraction of autologous bone marrow causes less trauma and no immune rejection in patients. Therefore, BMSCs will have potential advantages in practical application. Most views suggest that the differentiation of BMSCs is closely related to microenvironment. It may be that the microenvironment of different tissues contains different factors, which promote the BMSCs entering different tissues to obtain the target tissue table.
【学位授予单位】：中国医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R329
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 马剑平;赵锦;黎洪棉;南开辉;;大鼠骨髓基质干细胞定向分化为成骨细胞及体外增殖过程中地塞米松的抑制性干预[J];中国组织工程研究与临床康复;2007年42期
，本文编号：2408947
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