重庆市城市农村儿童肥胖发病率及相关因素的分析

发布时间：2018-01-01 05:06

本文关键词：重庆市城市农村儿童肥胖发病率及相关因素的分析　出处：《重庆医科大学学报》2013年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:了解重庆地区儿童肥胖发病率及肥胖相关因素的城乡差异。方法:按照整群抽样方法,抽取重庆市86所城乡中小学校共77 411名学龄儿童,测量身高、体质量,并计算体质指数(body mass index,BMI)。按照分层整群抽样方法再从中抽取2所城市学校和3所农村学校共4 400名儿童行肥胖影响因素问卷调查,按照BMI法判定肥胖,将肥胖儿童和正常儿童设为肥胖组和对照组,对儿童肥胖相关因素进行多因素logistic回归分析,并比较肥胖危险因素城乡差异。结果:(1)重庆地区学龄儿童总体肥胖率8.23%,城市9.70%,农村5.32%,城市高于农村(P0.000 1)。(2)肥胖相关因素logistic回归分析结果显示,共13个因素与城市儿童肥胖相关,其中出生体质量,肉食、油炸食品、饮料、零食摄入频率,母亲吸烟及肥胖家族史是危险因素,母乳喂养、蔬菜摄入频率及补充维生素是保护因素;共8个因素与农村儿童肥胖相关,其中出生体质量、油炸食品、奶制品、零食摄入频率,父母BMI是危险因素,母乳喂养是保护因素。(3)城市儿童肉食、油炸食品、奶制品摄入频率高于农村,母亲吸烟比例高于农村,家族肥胖史比例高于农村,母乳喂养率低于农村(P0.05)。结论:重庆地区儿童肥胖率城市高于农村,引起差异的主要因素为母亲吸烟、母孕期营养、6月龄前喂养方式、儿童青少年生活方式及肥胖家族史。控制儿童肥胖城市重点应倡导母孕期戒烟,加强母乳喂养,控制儿童肉食、油炸食品、含糖饮料、零食摄入;农村儿童肥胖率虽低于城市,但增速大于城市,应改善儿童饮食方式,控制油炸食品、奶制品、零食摄入,预防儿童肥胖。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the urban and rural differences of obesity incidence and obesity related factors among children in Chongqing. Methods: according to cluster sampling, 77,411 school-age children were selected from 86 primary and secondary schools in Chongqing. Height and body mass were measured and body mass index was calculated. According to stratified cluster sampling method, 4 400 children were selected from 2 urban schools and 3 rural schools to investigate the influencing factors of obesity. Obesity was determined by BMI method. Obese children and normal children were divided into obese group and control group. The factors related to obesity in children were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results the overall obesity rate of school-aged children in Chongqing was 8.23%, urban 9.70%, and rural area 5.32%. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that there were 13 factors associated with obesity in urban children, including birth weight and meat intake. The risk factors were deep-fried food, drink, snack intake, maternal smoking and family history of obesity, while breast feeding, vegetable intake frequency and vitamin supplementation were the protective factors. A total of 8 factors were associated with obesity in rural children, including birth weight, fried food, dairy products, snack intake frequency, parents BMI is the risk factor, breast feeding is the protective factor. The intake frequency of fried food and dairy products was higher than that in rural areas, the proportion of mothers smoking was higher than that of rural areas, and the proportion of family obesity history was higher than that in rural areas. Conclusion: the obesity rate of children in Chongqing is higher than that in rural areas. The main factors causing the difference are smoking in mothers and feeding patterns before 6 months of gestation. Children and adolescents lifestyle and family history of obesity. In order to control childhood obesity, the city should advocate smoking cessation during pregnancy, strengthen breastfeeding, control children's meat, fried food, sugary drinks, snack intake; The obesity rate of children in rural areas is lower than that in cities, but the growth rate is higher than that in cities. It is necessary to improve the diet of children, control the intake of fried foods, dairy products and snacks, and prevent children from becoming obese.
【作者单位】：重庆医科大学附属儿童医院内分泌科;重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院营养与食品卫生学教研室;重庆市沙坪坝区中小学生卫生保健所;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(编号:2009BAI80B00)
【分类号】：R723.14
【正文快照】： 儿童肥胖不仅对儿童的身体健康构成严重威胁,而且是成年期高血压、冠心病等慢性疾病的重要危险因素[1-2],因此日益成为人们所关注的重要公共卫生问题。目前全球范围有10%的学龄儿童超重或肥胖[3],欧美发达国家在过去的30年中儿童肥胖率增长了3倍,发展中国家巴西儿童肥胖率由19

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