医院就诊儿童肺炎支原体感染流行病学特征及耐药情况分析

发布时间：2018-02-16 05:43

  本文关键词： 肺炎支原体 流行病学特征 耐药性 儿童　出处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析医院儿童肺炎支原体感染的流行病学及其耐药性,为临床抗感染防治提供指导。方法收集3134例儿童患者静脉血标本,从中分离血清,用呼吸道感染病原体IgM检测试剂盒检验肺炎支原体感染情况,用支原体IST检测药敏试剂盒进行药敏试验。结果 2014-2016年3 134例医院就诊患儿中946例感染肺炎支原体,阳性率30.19%,其中2014年阳性率23.06%(229/933),2015年33.18%(358/1079),2016年33.80%(359/1062)。2014-2016年的春、夏、秋、冬四季肺炎支原体阳性率分别为26.99%(220/815)、32.91%(257/781)、34.97%(270/772)和25.98%(199/766)。2014年各季肺炎支原体阳性率分别为16.85%、28.00%、27.70%和19.32%,2015年分别为33.08%、35.51%、34.56%和29.43%,2016年分别为31.16%、36.59%、40.77%和27.55%。男性患儿肺炎支原体阳性率为26.00%(513/1973),女性患儿为37.30%(433/1161),女性肺炎支原体阳性率高于男性(χ2=44.2433,P0.05)。≤1岁患儿肺炎支原体阳性率为12.11%(192/1585),1~岁为41.33%(348/842),3~岁为52.25%(209/400),5~岁为60.12%(98/163),7~16岁为68.75%(99/144)。上呼吸道感染、支气管炎、毛细支气管炎、支气管肺炎、大叶性支气管肺炎、间质性肺炎、哮喘急性发作患儿肺炎支原体阳性率分别为29.39%(82/279)、24.00%(6/25)、19.41%(92/474)、27.32%(513/1878)、76.32%(58/76)、59.18%(29/49)和47.03%(166/353)。2014年分离的肺炎支原体对阿奇霉素、罗红霉素、克拉霉素、螺旋霉素、吉他霉素、克林霉素的耐药率分别为19.21%、17.03%、12.66%、11.35%、1.31%和0.87%,2015年分别为21.51%、17.88%、15.64%、17.88%、1.40%和0.84%,2016年分别为21.73%、17.55%、15.04%、18.38%、1.39%和1.11%。结论肺炎支原体在医院就诊患儿中的感染率逐年增高,且随着患儿年龄增长感染率增加明显;大叶性支气管肺炎儿童肺炎支原体感染率最高。肺炎支原体对大环内酯类抗生素耐药程度呈升高趋势,尤其是阿奇霉素,临床诊疗中应密切关注耐药性的发生和发展。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemiology and drug resistance of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in hospital children, and to provide guidance for clinical prevention and treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae. The infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae was detected by IgM kit of respiratory tract infection and the drug sensitivity test by IST test kit. Results from 2014 to 2016, 946 cases of mycoplasma pneumoniae were infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae. The positive rate was 30.19, of which on 2014 the positive rate was 23.06 / 933%, on 2015 33.18% was 3.58% 1079%, and on 2016 33.80% 359% 1062% 2014-2016 in spring, summer, autumn, The positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae in the four seasons of winter were 26.9999% and 19.3232%, respectively. The positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae were 26.9999% and 29.4343%, respectively. In 2016, the positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae were 31.16% 36.5940.77% and 27.5555%, respectively. The positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae were 26.00% and 27.98% respectively. In 2014, the positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae were 16.85% and 19.3232% respectively. The positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae in each quarter were 27.70% and 19.3232%, 33.08% and 35.51% in 2015, 31.16% in 36.5940.77% and 27.5555% in 2016, respectively. The positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae in male children were 26.00%, 51373%, 37.33 1161% and 37.30%, respectively. The positive rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae was higher than that of men (蠂 ~ 2 / 44.2433 / P0.05). The positive rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae in children 鈮，

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