儿童哮喘发生和急性发作的危险因素的分析

发布时间：2018-02-20 22:11

本文关键词： 儿童哮喘急性发作危险因素　出处：《延边大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的:分析儿童哮喘发生和急性发作的危险因素,为临床防治儿童哮喘提供参考依据。方法:选取2014年9月1日至2016年9月30日期间在本院儿科住院部符合哮喘诊断的哮喘患儿作为哮喘组(312例),同期在本院儿科住院的呼吸道感染患儿作为对照组(312例),且为非哮喘及既往无喘息史并排除其他疾病的患儿,以电话回访问卷的形式调查哮喘儿童一般情况,分析发生哮喘的危险因素和急性发作的病因。结果:(1)哮喘首次发生多在3岁以内,占75.65%,6岁以后哮喘的发生率逐渐降低;3岁内朝、汉族儿童哮喘首次发生率无统计学差异。(2)单因素Logistic回归分析结果表明人工喂养、剖宫产和早产是哮喘发生的危险因素。(3)哮喘组中呼吸道感染引起哮喘急性发作占89.7%,情绪过激(大哭大闹)和接触空气中刺激物(油漆等)引起哮喘发生占4.2%,不明原因引起哮喘发作占6.1%。(4)哮喘组呼吸道感染中病毒、支原体和细菌感染各占61.1%、22.5%和16.4%,病毒感染与细菌、支原体感染分别比较均有显著性差异(均P0.05),细菌与支原体感染比较差异无显著性。与对照组比较,呼吸道感染哮喘患儿平均住院日增加(3.89±1.454天vs5.47±2.091天,P0.05)。重度哮喘发作患儿平均住院日与轻度、中度患儿平均住院日分别比较均有显著差异(均P0.05)。结论:(1)婴幼儿期是哮喘首次发生的高发期。(2)人工喂养、剖宫产和早产是哮喘发生的危险因素,应提倡阴道分娩、鼓励母乳喂养。(3)本地区哮喘急性发作的病因以呼吸道感染最常见,其中病毒感染居多,支原体感染次之。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the risk factors of asthma and acute attack in children. To provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment of asthma in children. Methods: from September 1st 2014 to September 30th 2016, a total of 312 asthmatic children who met the diagnosis of asthma in pediatrics department of our hospital were selected as asthma group, and at the same time in pediatrics of our hospital. The hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection served as the control group (312 cases), and were non-asthmatic children with no previous history of wheezing and other diseases excluded. The general situation of asthmatic children was investigated by telephone return questionnaire, and the risk factors and the etiology of acute attack were analyzed. Results: the first occurrence of asthma was within 3 years old, accounting for 75.65 years old, the incidence of asthma gradually decreased within 3 years old. The results of univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the first incidence of asthma in Han children had no statistical difference. Cesarean section and premature delivery are risk factors for asthma.) in asthma group, acute attack caused by respiratory tract infection accounted for 89.7%, emotional overreaction (crying) and exposure to air irritant (paint etc.) caused asthma to occur 4.2%, unknown. Causes of asthma attack accounted for 6.1% of the respiratory tract infection in the asthma group, Mycoplasma and bacterial infection accounted for 22.5% and 16.4%, respectively. There were significant differences between virus infection and bacteria, mycoplasma infection (all P 0.05), bacteria infection and mycoplasma infection, but there was no significant difference compared with control group. The average hospitalization days of children with respiratory tract infection asthma increased by 3.89 卤1.454 days vs5.47 卤2.091 days P0.050.The average days of hospitalization of children with severe asthma attack were mild. There were significant differences in average hospitalization days of moderate children (all P0.050.Conclusion the infant stage is the first high incidence period of asthma.) artificial feeding. Cesarean section and premature delivery are the risk factors of asthma. Vaginal delivery should be advocated. Encourage breast-feeding. 3) Respiratory tract infection is the most common cause of acute attack of asthma in this area, virus infection is the most common, mycoplasma infection is the second.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R725.6

【相似文献】