小儿骶尾部肿瘤新分型下手术方式的探讨
发布时间:2018-03-11 16:07
本文选题:小儿 切入点:骶尾部 出处:《新疆医科大学》2012年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:目的:通过探讨小儿骶尾部肿瘤的分型,寻求相对适宜的分型方法,以指导手术方式。方法:收集临床小儿骶尾部肿瘤14例,术前均行骶尾部MRI矢状位及水平轴位检查,检查体位为仰卧位。根据MRI资料采用Altman分型,并在此基础上行骶骨区矢状位“十”字形划分,将骶前划分为四个象限,确定“十“字上方右侧象限为A区,顺时针依次为B区、C区、D区。本组14例患儿均采用Altman分型,并将肿瘤行区域划分后采取相对应的手术方式。术后均经病理证实,且术后未给予放、化疗等其它综合治疗。结果:AltmanⅠ型、Ⅱ型肿瘤主要涉及B区或B、C区,一般均采用骶尾部后路切口切除。AltmanⅢ型常见肿瘤主要涉及A、B、D区或四区全累及,极少部分肿瘤位置更高,到达上腹部,累及A、D区。根据肿瘤特点,涉及A、B、D区或四区肿瘤,一般需前、后路联合切除。涉及A、D区肿瘤,考虑经前路切口切除。AltmanⅣ型肿瘤主要涉及A、B区,部分仅累及A、B、D区或四区全累及,主要采用骶尾部后路切口切除。14例患儿随访1~3年,切口愈合良好12例,切口感染2例。完整切除的12例中,2例复发,,1例卵黄囊瘤复发,术后三月未经治疗死亡。1例神经母细胞瘤复发,再次手术,目前肿瘤未复发。未完整切除的2例恶性肿瘤均复发,其中1例卵黄囊瘤因肺转移死亡,另1例尤文氏肉瘤再次手术,后因伤口感染未继续治疗死亡。结论:小儿骶尾部肿瘤按照Altman分型,并在此基础上再将骶骨区行“十”字形区域划分,不仅可以明确肿瘤与骶骨的位置关系以及肿瘤的大小,还能明确肿瘤涉及到每区所要关注的重要解剖结构,同时再辅以骶尾部水平轴位MRI明确肿瘤侵及正常组织程度及范围,从而针对性的制定手术方法,更好的用以指导手术。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the classification of sacrococcygeal tumors in children and to find a relatively suitable method to guide the operation. Methods: 14 cases of sacrococcygeal tumors in children were collected and examined by MRI sagittal and horizontal axial position before operation. The postural position was supine. According to the MRI data, Altman classification was used, and on this basis, the sacral sagittal "ten" shape was divided into four quadrants, and the right quadrant above the word "ten" was determined to be A area. All the 14 cases were classified by Altman, and the corresponding operation methods were adopted after dividing the tumor regions. All of them were proved by pathology after operation, and they were not given after operation. Results the tumors of type 鈪
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